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Paying attention to conformal invariance as the invariance under local transformations of units of measure, we take a conformal invariant quantum field as a quantum matter theory in which one has the freedom to choose the values of units of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-17 Nadereh Namavarian

Physical systems may couple to other systems through variables that are not gauge invariant. When we split a gauge system into two subsystems, the gauge-invariant variables of the two subsystems have less information than the gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-04-14 Carlo Rovelli

We study the role of closed string backgrounds in boundary string field theory. Background independence requires the introduction of dual boundary fields, which are reminiscent of the doubled field formalism. We find a correspondence…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 M. Baumgartl

Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. It is shown that for a Dirac field the assumption of gauge invariance impacts on the way the vacuum state is defined. It is shown that the conventional definition of the vacuum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Dan Solomon

We study certain aspects of the recently proposed notion of nonrelativistic diffeomorphism invariance. In particular, we consider specific examples of invariant actions, extended gauge symmetry as well as an application to the theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-07 Oleg Andreev , Michael Haack , Stefan Hofmann

One of the key ways in which quantum mechanics differs from relativity is that it requires a fixed background reference frame for spacetime. In fact, this appears to be one of the main conceptual obstacles to uniting the two theories.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Lachlan Parker , Fabio Costa

We present an overview on relational observables in gravity mainly from a loop quantum gravity perspective. The gauge group of general relativity is the diffeomorphism group of the underlying manifold. Consequently, general relativity is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-03-29 Johannes Tambornino

Black hole perturbation theory beyond second order is not well understood because typically one defines the meaning of gauge invariance order by order which is ambiguous. In this series of works we therefore developed a new approach which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-10 Jonas Neuser , Thomas Thiemann

We discuss various basic conceptual issues related to coarse graining flows in quantum gravity. In particular the requirement of background independence is shown to lead to renormalization group (RG) flows which are significantly different…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-06-02 Martin Reuter , Holger Weyer

Dirac fermion fields are responsible for spontaneous symmetry breaking in gauge gravitation theory because the spin structure associated with a tetrad field is not preserved under general covariant transformations. Two solutions of this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 G. Sardanashvily

We introduce the notion of background independent quantum field theory. The distinguishing feature of this theory is that the dynamics can be formulated without recourse to a background metric structure. We show in a simple model how the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Olaf Dreyer

The focus of the present thesis is on the analysis of gauge symmetry and its various impacts on gauge theories. In the first part of this thesis, we have studied different aspects of symmetries in connection with various field and string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-23 Anirban Saha

This paper is a comprehensive investigation of the Affine Gauge Theory (AGT) as a gauge theory of gravity having the same mathematical structure as gauge theories of the other fundamental forces of nature. This mathematical structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-01 Kurniawan Tjandra , Kuldip Singh

This paper is devoted to introduce a gauge theory of the Lorentz Group based on the analysis of isometric diffeomorphism-induced Lorentz transformations. The behaviors under local transformations of fermion fields and spin connections…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-31 Nakia Carlevaro , Giovanni Montani

We study how the problem of observables is fully resolved for background independent theories defined on finite graphs. We argue the correct analogue of coordinate independence is the invariance under changes of graph labels, a kind of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-05 Emil Broukal , Andrea Di Biagio , Eugenio Bianchi , Marios Christodoulou

The paper considers the "GR-desideratum", that is, the way general relativity implements general covariance, diffeomorphism invariance, and background independence. Two cases are discussed where $5$-dimensional generalizations of general…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-04-13 Antonio Vassallo

We present evidence that there is a 4D model that satisfies the conditions of renormalizability and diffeomorphism invariance simultaneously at the 2-loop level. The traceless mode is treated perturbatively, while the conformal mode can be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Ken-ji Hamada

Spin foams provide path integrals for quantum gravity, which employ discretizations as regulator. To obtain regulator independent predictions, we must remove these fiducial structures in a suitable refinement limit. In this chapter we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-18 Seth K. Asante , Bianca Dittrich , Sebastian Steinhaus

We consider perturbative quantum field theory in the causal framework. Gauge invariance is, in this framework, an identity involving chronological products of the interaction Lagrangian; it express the fact that the scattering matrix must…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 Dan-Radu Grigore

In this article we continue the work on translating elements of the perturbative quantum field theory defined on Minkowski spacetime into the background independent framework of Loop Quantum Gravity. We present the construction of r-Fock…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-25 Mehdi Assanioussi , Jerzy Lewandowski