Related papers: Non-Gaussian fluctuations near the QCD critical po…
We perform a finite-size scaling analysis of net-proton number cumulants in Au+Au collisions at center-of-mass energies between $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}} = 2.4$ GeV and 54.4 GeV to search for evidence of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram.…
The exploration of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) phase diagram is a central goal of relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. This review focuses on the role of fluctuations and correlations as sensitive probes of the phase…
In the proximity of the QCD critical point the bulk viscosity of quark-gluon matter is expected to be proportional to nearly the third power of the critical correlation length, and become significantly enhanced. This work is the first…
We investigate the evolution of the net-proton kurtosis and the kurtosis of the chiral order parameter near the critical point in the model of nonequilibrium chiral fluid dynamics. The order parameter is propagated explicitly and coupled to…
The thermalization of quark-gluon plasma created in heavy-ion collisions is crucial for understanding its behavior as a relativistic fluid and the thermodynamic properties of the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This study investigates the…
Enhanced fluctuations and correlations have been observed in the phase transitions of many systems. Their appearance at the predicted QCD phase transition (especially near the expected critical point) may provide insight into the nature of…
We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at 3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity ($y$) and transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) within…
The Beam Energy Scan program has been undertaken at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to search for the QCD critical point. The presence of the critical point is expected to lead to non-monotonic behavior of several quantities.…
An exactly solvable model of nuclear fragmentation is shown to lead to a simple connection between the critical point multiplicity $\langle m \rangle_{c}$ and the critical point exponent $\tau$ recently reported on in the EOS collaboration.…
With the help of transport and statistical models, we find that the ratios of higher net-proton cumulants measured at RHIC are dominated by the statistical fluctuations. Future measurements should focus on the dynamical fluctuations, which…
We study fluctuations of particle number in the presence of critical point by utilizing molecular dynamics simulations of the classical Lennard-Jones fluid in a periodic box. The numerical solution of the $N$-body problem naturally…
Event-by-event fluctuations of hadronic patterns in heavy-ion collisions are studied in search for signatures of quark-hadron phase transition. Attention is focused on a narrow strip in the azimuthal angle with small $\Delta y$. The…
One of the main goals of the RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) program is to study the QCD phase structure, which includes the search for the QCD critical point, over a wide range of chemical potential. Theoretical calculations predict that…
We study the rapidity window dependences of higher order cumulants of conserved charges observed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The time evolution and the rapidity window dependence of the non-Gaussian fluctuations are described by…
The evolution of a heavy ion collision passes close to the O(4) critical point of QCD, where fluctuations of the order parameter are expected to be enhanced. Using the appropriate stochastic hydrodynamic equations in mean field near the the…
We present the first measurement of fluctuations from event to event in the production of strange particles in collisions of heavy nuclei. The ratio of charged kaons to charged pions is determined for individual central Pb+Pb collisions.…
In QCD with two flavors of massless quarks, the chiral phase transition is plausibly in the same universality class as the classical four component Heisenberg antiferromagnet. Therefore, renormalization group techniques developed in the…
Moments (Variance ($\sigma^2$), Skewness($S$), Kurtosis($\kappa$)) of multiplicity distributions of conserved quantities, such as net-baryon,net-charge and net-strangeness, are predicted to be sensitive to the correlation length of the…
In this paper, a search for power-law fluctuations with fractality and intermittency analysis to explore the QCD phase diagram and the critical point is summarized. Experimental data on self-similar correlations and fluctuations with…
The moments and moment products of conserved charges are believed to be sensitive to critical fluctuations, which have been adopted in determining the QCD critical point. Using a dynamical multiphase transport model, we reproduce the…