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One of the major open problems in automata and logic is the following: is there an algorithm which inputs a regular tree language and decides if the language can be defined in first-order logic? The goal of this paper is to present this…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Mikołaj Bojańczyk , Henryk Michalewski

The definition of graph automatic groups by Kharlampovich, Khoussainov and Miasnikov and its extension to C-graph automatic by Murray Elder and the first author raise the question of whether Thompson's group F is graph automatic. We define…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-21 Jennifer Taback , Sharif Younes

Finite-state tree automata are a well studied formalism for representing term languages. This paper studies the problem of determining the regularity of the set of instances of a finite set of terms with variables, where each variable is…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2009-11-20 Omer Giménez , Guillem Godoy , Sebastian Maneth

Logic languages based on the theory of rational, possibly infinite, trees have much appeal in that rational trees allow for faster unification (due to the safe omission of the occurs-check) and increased expressivity (cyclic terms can…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Roberto Bagnara , Roberta Gori , Patricia M. Hill , Enea Zaffanella

We consider grammar-restricted exact learning of formulas and terms in finite variable logics. We propose a novel and versatile automata-theoretic technique for solving such problems. We first show results for learning formulas that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Paul Krogmeier , P. Madhusudan

A data language is a set of finite words defined on an infinite alphabet. Data languages are used to express properties associated with data values (domain defined over a countably infinite set). In this paper, we introduce set augmented…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Ansuman Banerjee , Kingshuk Chatterjee , Shibashis Guha

An infinite permutation $\alpha$ is a linear ordering of $\mathbb N$. We study properties of infinite permutations analogous to those of infinite words, and show some resemblances and some differences between permutations and words. In this…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-09-29 Anna Frid , Luca Zamboni

We are entering a new era in which software systems are becoming more and more complex and larger. So, the composition of such systems is becoming infeasible by manual means. To address this challenge, self-organising software models…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Damian Arellanes

We study automatic sequences and automatic systems generated by general constant length (nonprimitive) substitutions. While an automatic system is typically uncountable, the set of automatic sequences is countable, implying that most…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Elżbieta Krawczyk

Infinite words, also known as streams, hold significant interest in computer science and mathematics, raising the natural question of how their complexity should be measured. We introduce cellular automaton reducibility as a measure of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Markel Zubia , Herman Geuvers

First-order logic is a natural way of expressing properties of computation. It is traditionally used in various program logics for expressing the correctness properties and certificates. Although such representations are expressive for some…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Yurii Kostyukov , Dmitry Mordvinov , Grigory Fedyukovich

We characterize the fixed sets of automorphisms of an arbitrary countable, arithmetically saturated structure.

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-21 James Schmerl

A new technique is presented to prove non-termination of term rewriting. The basic idea is to find a non-empty regular language of terms that is closed under rewriting and does not contain normal forms. It is automated by representing the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Jörg Endrullis , Hans Zantema

We study two subclasses of the class of automatic structures: automatic structures of polynomial growth and Presburger structures. We present algebraic characterisations of the groups and the equivalence structures in these two classes.

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Achim Blumensath

An abstract machine is a theoretical model designed to perform a rigorous study of computation. Such a model usually consists of configurations, instructions, programs, inputs and outputs for the machine. In this paper we formalize these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-07-21 Zhaohua Luo

Tree sets are abstract structures that can be used to model various tree-shaped objects in combinatorics. Finite tree sets can be represented by finite graph-theoretical trees. We extend this representation theory to infinite tree sets.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-16 J. Pascal Gollin , Jay Lilian Kneip

In a jumping finite automaton, the input head can jump to an arbitrary position within the remaining input after reading and consuming a symbol. We characterize the corresponding class of languages in terms of special shuffle expressions…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-03 Henning Fernau , Meenakshi Paramasivan , Markus L. Schmid , Vojtěch Vorel

The notion of an automaton over a changing alphabet $X=(X_i)_{i\geq 1}$ is used to define and study automorphism groups of the tree $X^*$ of finite words over $X$. The concept of bi-reversibility for Mealy-type automata is extended to…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-03 Adam Woryna

Automatic structures are infinite structures that are finitely represented by synchronized finite-state automata. This paper concerns specifically automatic structures over finite words and trees (ranked/unranked). We investigate the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Pascal Bergsträßer , Moses Ganardi , Anthony W. Lin , Georg Zetzsche

We explore the idea of using automatic and similar kind of presentations of structures to deal with the conceptual problem of natural proof-theoretic ordinal notations. We conclude that this approach still does not meet the goals.

Logic · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Lev D. Beklemishev , Fedor N. Pakhomov