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The presence of atomic gas mixed with molecular species in a "molecular" cloud may significantly affect its chemistry, the excitation of some species, and can serve as probe of the cloud's evolution. Cold neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Marko Krco , Paul F. Goldsmith , Robert L. Brown , Di Li

We show that the ionization of dense molecular clouds can be used to set strong constraints on dark matter models producing UV/X-ray photons in their annihilation or decay. We place robust and competitive constraints on various dark matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-24 Pedro De la Torre Luque , Pierluca Carenza , Thong T. Q. Nguyen

The high cosmological precision offered by the next generation of galaxy surveys hinges on improved corrections for Galactic dust extinction. We explore the possibility of estimating both the dust extinction and large-scale structure from a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-17 Matías Bravo , Eric Gawiser , Nelson D. Padilla , Joseph DeRose , Risa H. Wechsler , The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration

Since its launch, JWST has opened an unprecedented opportunity to characterise the ionised ISM of high-redshift galaxies using well-established rest-frame UV/optical diagnostics from the local Universe. At the same time, these observations…

The aim of the present work is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the interstellar chemistry of nitrogen, focussing on the gas-phase formation of the smallest polyatomic species and in particular nitrogen hydrides. We present a new…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Romane Le Gal , Pierre Hily-Blant , Alexandre Faure , Guillaume Pineau des Forêts , Claire Rist , Sébastien Maret

We analyze extragalactic extinction profiles derived through gamma-ray burst afterglows, using a dust model specifically constructed on the assumption that dust grains are not immutable but respond time-dependently to the local physics.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-04 Alberto Zonca , Cesare Cecchi-Pestellini , Giacomo Mulas , Silvia Casu , Giambattista Aresu

We are developing a rocket-borne instrument (the Cosmic Infrared Background ExpeRiment, or CIBER) to search for signatures of primordial galaxy formation in the cosmic near-infrared extra-galactic background. CIBER consists of a wide-field…

This study presents the first high-resolution, high-sensitivity mid-infrared (MIR) investigation of protoplanetary disks in a low-metallicity environment, using JWST/NIRCam and MIRI observations of Digel Cloud 2, a star-forming region in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Chikako Yasui , Natsuko Izumi , Masao Saito , Ryan M. Lau , Naoto Kobayashi , Michael E. Ressler

Dust attenuation curves in external galaxies are useful to study their dust properties as well as to interpret their intrinsic spectral energy distributions. In particular the presence or absence of a UV bump at 2175 A remains an open issue…

We present spectroscopic tests of MIR to FIR extinction laws in IRDC G028.36+00.07, a potential site of massive star and star cluster formation. Lim & Tan (2014) developed methods of FIR extinction mapping of this source using ${\it…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-11-17 Wanggi Lim , Sean J. Carey , Jonathan C. Tan

The JWST has captured the sharpest IR images ever taken of the Horsehead nebula, a prototypical moderately irradiated PDR that is fully representative of most of the UV-illuminated molecular gas in the Milky Way and star-forming galaxies.…

Direct evidence for the existence of dark matter and measurements of its interaction cross-section have been provided by the physical offset between dark matter and intra- cluster gas in merging systems like the Bullet Cluster. Although a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-11-05 David Harvey , Richard Massey , Thomas Kitching , Andy Taylor , Eric Jullo , Jean-Paul Kneib , Eric Tittley , Philip J. Marshall

We examine an ensemble of 48 simulated clusters to determine the effects of small-scale density fluctuations and large-scale substructure on X-ray measurements of the intracluster medium (ICM) mass. We measure RMS density fluctuations in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Mathiesen , A. E. Evrard , J. J. Mohr

One of the more surprising astrophysical discoveries of the last decade has been the presence of enormous quantities of dust at megaparsec distances from galaxies, which has important implications for galaxy evolution, the circumgalactic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-25 Jacqueline E. McCleary , Eric M. Huff , James W. Bartlett , Brandon S. Hensley

Among highly irradiated exoplanets, some have been found to undergo significant hydrodynamic expansion traced by atmospheric escape. To better understand these processes in the context of planetary evolution, we propose NIGHT (the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-31 C. Farret Jentink , V. Bourrier , C. Lovis , R. Allart , B. Chazelas , M. Lendl , X. Dumusque , F. Pepe

Stars with excess infrared radiation from circumstellar dust are invaluable for studies of exoplanetary systems, informing our understanding on processes of planet formation and destruction alike. All-sky photometric surveys have made the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-18 Erik Dennihy , Jay Farihi , Nicola Pietro Gentile Fusillo , John H. Debes

The NIRCam instrument on the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will offer an unprecedented view of the most distant galaxies. In preparation for future deep NIRCam extragalactic surveys, it is crucial to understand the color…

We have observed continuum emission at lambda = 850 microns over ~4 square degrees of the Ophiuchus star-forming cloud using SCUBA on the JCMT, producing a submillimetre continuum map twenty times larger than previous Ophiuchus surveys. Our…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Doug Johnstone , James Di Francesco , Helen Kirk

I present new results on the extinction and on the YSO content of the Chamaeleon I cloud using the star count method that I have implemented and applied to DENIS and optical data. Application of this method to other nearby Large Molecular…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Cambresy