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We use a simple model to investigate the effect of polarized Galactic foreground emission on the ability of planned CMB missions to detect and model CMB polarization. Emission from likely polarized sources (synchrotron and spinning dust)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Kogut , G. Hinshaw

One of the main problems for extracting the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) from submm/mm observations is to correct for the Galactic components, mainly synchrotron, free - free and thermal dust emission with the required accuracy.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-17 H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen

Planck has produced detailed all-sky observations over nine frequency bands between 30 and 857 GHz. These observations allow robust reconstruction of the primordial cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations over nearly the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-29 Planck Collaboration , P. A. R. Ade , N. Aghanim , C. Armitage-Caplan , M. Arnaud , M. Ashdown , F. Atrio-Barandela , J. Aumont , C. Baccigalupi , A. J. Banday , R. B. Barreiro , J. G. Bartlett , E. Battaner , K. Benabed , A. Benoît , A. Benoit-Lévy , J. -P. Bernard , M. Bersanelli , P. Bielewicz , J. Bobin , J. J. Bock , A. Bonaldi , L. Bonavera , J. R. Bond , J. Borrill , F. R. Bouchet , F. Boulanger , M. Bridges , M. Bucher , C. Burigana , R. C. Butler , J. -F. Cardoso , A. Catalano , A. Challinor , A. Chamballu , R. -R. Chary , X. Chen , L. -Y Chiang , H. C. Chiang , P. R. Christensen , S. Church , D. L. Clements , S. Colombi , L. P. L. Colombo , F. Couchot , A. Coulais , B. P. Crill , M. Cruz , A. Curto , F. Cuttaia , L. Danese , R. D. Davies , R. J. Davis , P. de Bernardis , A. de Rosa , G. de Zotti , J. Delabrouille , J. -M. Delouis , F. -X. Désert , C. Dickinson , J. M. Diego , H. Dole , S. Donzelli , O. Doré , M. Douspis , J. Dunkley , X. Dupac , G. Efstathiou , T. A. Enßlin , H. K. Eriksen , E. Falgarone , F. Finelli , O. Forni , M. Frailis , A. A. Fraisse , E. Franceschi , S. Galeotta , K. Ganga , M. Giard , G. Giardino , Y. Giraud-Héraud , J. González-Nuevo , K. M. Górski , S. Gratton , A. Gregorio , A. Gruppuso , F. K. Hansen , D. Hanson , D. Harrison , G. Helou , S. Henrot-Versillé , C. Hernández-Monteagudo , D. Herranz , S. R. Hildebrandt , E. Hivon , M. Hobson , W. A. Holmes , A. Hornstrup , W. Hovest , G. Huey , K. M. Huffenberger , T. R. Jaffe , A. H. Jaffe , J. Jewell , W. C. Jones , M. Juvela , E. Keihänen , R. Keskitalo , T. S. Kisner , R. Kneissl , J. Knoche , L. Knox , M. Kunz , H. Kurki-Suonio , G. Lagache , A. Lähteenmäki , J. -M. Lamarre , A. Lasenby , R. J. Laureijs , C. R. Lawrence , M. Le Jeune , S. Leach , J. P. Leahy , R. Leonardi , J. Lesgourgues , M. Liguori , P. B. Lilje , M. Linden-Vørnle , M. López-Caniego , P. M. Lubin , J. F. Macías-Pérez , B. Maffei , D. Maino , N. Mandolesi , A. Marcos-Caballero , M. Maris , D. J. Marshall , P. G. Martin , E. Martínez-González , S. Masi , S. Matarrese , F. Matthai , P. Mazzotta , P. R. Meinhold , A. Melchiorri , L. Mendes , A. Mennella , M. Migliaccio , K. Mikkelsen , S. Mitra , M. -A. Miville-Deschênes , A. Moneti , L. Montier , G. Morgante , D. Mortlock , A. Moss , D. Munshi , P. Naselsky , F. Nati , P. Natoli , C. B. Netterfield , H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen , F. Noviello , D. Novikov , I. Novikov , I. J. O'Dwyer , S. Osborne , C. A. Oxborrow , F. Paci , L. Pagano , F. Pajot , R. Paladini , D. Paoletti , B. Partridge , F. Pasian , G. Patanchon , T. J. Pearson , O. Perdereau , L. Perotto , F. Perrotta , V. Pettorino , F. Piacentini , M. Piat , E. Pierpaoli , D. Pietrobon , S. Plaszczynski , P. Platania , E. Pointecouteau , G. Polenta , N. Ponthieu , L. Popa , T. Poutanen , G. W. Pratt , G. Prézeau , S. Prunet , J. -L. Puget , J. P. Rachen , W. T. Reach , R. Rebolo , M. Reinecke , M. Remazeilles , C. Renault , A. Renzi , S. Ricciardi , T. Riller , I. Ristorcelli , G. Rocha , C. Rosset , G. Roudier , M. Rowan-Robinson , J. A. Rubiño-Martín , B. Rusholme , E. Salerno , M. Sandri , D. Santos , G. Savini , F. Schiavon , D. Scott , M. D. Seiffert , E. P. S. Shellard , L. D. Spencer , J. -L. Starck , R. Stompor , R. Sudiwala , R. Sunyaev , F. Sureau , D. Sutton , A. -S. Suur-Uski , J. -F. Sygnet , J. A. Tauber , D. Tavagnacco , L. Terenzi , L. Toffolatti , M. Tomasi , M. Tristram , M. Tucci , J. Tuovinen , M. Türler , G. Umana , L. Valenziano , J. Valiviita , B. Van Tent , J. Varis , M. Viel , P. Vielva , F. Villa , N. Vittorio , L. A. Wade , B. D. Wandelt , I. K. Wehus , A. Wilkinson , J. -Q. Xia , D. Yvon , A. Zacchei , A. Zonca

The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a significant source of knowledge about the origin and evolution of our universe. However, observations of the CMB are contaminated by foreground emissions, obscuring the CMB signal and reducing its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Jadie Adams , Steven Lu , Krzysztof M. Gorski , Graca Rocha , Kiri L. Wagstaff

Current and future Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments aim to achieve high-precision reconstruction of the CMB polarization signal, with the most ambitious objective being the detection of primordial $B$ modes sourced by cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-28 Alessandro Carones

We confirm at the $5.7\sigma$ level previous studies reporting Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperatures being significantly lower around nearby spiral galaxies than expected in the $\Lambda$CDM model. Results from our earlier work was…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 Frode K. Hansen , Diego Garcia Lambas , Heliana E. Luparello , Facundo Toscano , Luis A. Pereyra

This paper provides full sky maps of foreground emission in all WMAP channels, with very low residual contamination from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies and controlled level of instrumental noise. Foreground maps are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-25 Tuhin Ghosh , Jacques Delabrouille , Mathieu Remazeilles , Jean-Francois Cardoso , Tarun Souradeep

The polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)is a powerful observational tool at hand for modern cosmology. It allows to break the degeneracy of fundamental cosmological parameters one cannot obtain using only anisotropy data…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. V. Sazhin , G. Sironi , O. S. Khovanskaya

CMB foregrounds consist of all radiation between the surface of last scattering and the detectors, which can interfere with the cosmological interpretation of CMB data. Fortunately, in temperature (intensity), even though the foregrounds…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-14 Clive Dickinson

We present a novel method for Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) foreground removal based on deep learning techniques. This method employs a Transformer model, referred to as \texttt{TCMB}, which is specifically designed to effectively…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-09 Ye-Peng Yan , Si-Yu Li , Yang Liu , Jun-Qing Xia , Hong Li

The WMAP satellite has made available high quality maps of the sky in five frequency bands ranging from 22 to 94 GHz, with the main scientific objective of studying the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). These maps,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Delabrouille , J. -F. Cardoso , M. Le Jeune , M. Betoule , G. Fay , F. Guilloux

We reconsider the pixel-based, "template" polarized foreground removal method within the context of a next-generation, low-noise, low-resolution (0.5 degree FWHM) space-borne experiment measuring the cosmological B-mode polarization signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Nobuhiko Katayama , Eiichiro Komatsu

The presence of astrophysical emissions in microwave observations forces us to perform component separation to extract the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) signal. However, even in the most optimistic cases, there are still strongly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-26 C. Gimeno-Amo , E. Martínez-González , R. B. Barreiro

The aim of this project is to recover the CMB anisotropies maps in temperature and polarized intensity by means of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) which, after appropiate training, can remove the foregrounds from Planck and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-29 A. Quintana-Estellés , B. Ruiz-Granados , P. Ruiz-Lapuente

The Planck satellite will map the full sky at nine frequencies from 30 to 857 GHz. The CMB intensity and polarization that are its prime targets are contaminated by foreground emission. The goal of this paper is to compare proposed methods…

We estimate the accuracy with which various cosmological parameters can be determined from the CMB temperature and polarization data when various galactic unpolarized and polarized foregrounds are included and marginalized using the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. Prunet , S. K. Sethi , F. R. Bouchet

It is possible to reduce the discrepancy between the local measurement of the cosmological parameter $H_0$ and the value derived from the $Planck$ measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) by considering contamination of the CMB…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-27 V. N. Yershov , A. A. Raikov , N. Yu. Lovyagin , N. P. M. Kuin , E. A. Popova

Since the temperature fluctuations in cosmic microwave background (CMB) on large-angular scales probe length scales that were super-horizon sized at photon decoupling and hence insensitive to microphysical processes, the low-multipole CMB…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-30 Cheng Cheng , Qing-Guo Huang

We evaluate the expected level of foreground contamination to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarised radiation, focusing on the diffuse emission from our own Galaxy. In particular, we perform a first attempt to simulate an all sky…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Carlo Baccigalupi

We propose a machine learning approach to the blind detection of extragalactic point sources on maps of the temperature anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. Using realistic simulations of the microwave sky as seen by Planck, we…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 P. Diego-Palazuelos , R. B. Barreiro , P. Vielva , D. Balbás , M. López-Caniego , D. Herranz , B. Casaponsa