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Thermal rectification which is a diode-like behavior of heat flux has been studied over a long time. However, a universal and systematic physical description is still lacking. In this letter, a perturbation theory of thermal rectification…
Entropy and temperature of a system in a coherent state are naturally defined on a base of a density matrix of the system. As an example, entropy and temperature are evaluated for coherent states of a harmonic oscillator and quantum field…
Thermodynamics is one of the oldest and well-established branches of physics that sets boundaries to what can possibly be achieved in macroscopic systems. While it started as a purely classical theory, it was realized in the early days of…
We calculate the entropy in a trapped, resonantly interacting Fermi gas as a function of temperature for a wide range of magnetic fields between the BCS and Bose-Einstein condensation endpoints. This provides a basis for the important…
While Carnot's model engines demonstrate ideal performances regarding conversion efficiency, they cannot be actually used as energy converters since they are non causal systems. Such an unphysical behavior indeed restrains the working…
If we assume that the source of thermodynamic system, $\rho$ and $p$, are also the source of gravity, thermal quantities, such as entropy, temperature, and chemical potential, can induce effects of gravity, or gravity can induce thermal…
The dynamics of open quantum systems connected with several reservoirs attract great attention due to its importance in quantum optics, biology, quantum thermodynamics, transport phenomena, etc. In many problems, the Born approximation is…
The work concerns the spectral, entropy and bifurcation analysis of the dynamics of a reverse-flow system. The existence of chaotic oscillations was demonstrated in a wide range of changes in the parameters of the model. The model of such a…
There is strong observational evidence that a quasi-thermal population of electrons (or pairs) exists in compact X-ray sources. It is, however, unclear what mechanism thermalizes the particles. Here, two processes, Coulomb scattering and…
While quantum measurements have been shown to constitute a resource for operating quantum thermal machines, the nature of the energy exchanges involved in the interaction between system and measurement apparatus is still under debate. In…
We propose the use of a quantum thermal machine for low-temperature thermometry. A hot thermal reservoir coupled to the machine allows for simultaneously cooling the sample while determining its temperature without knowing the…
We introduce two types of thermodynamic refrigeration cycles obtained through modification of the Otto cycle refrigerator by a generalized measurement channel. These refrigerators are corresponding to the activation of the measurement-based…
In this article, we address the problem of how temperature of a quantum system is observed. By proposing a thought experiment, we argue that temperature must be conceived as an operator and its measurement must necessarily accompany a…
The general theory of simple transport processes between quantum mechanical reservoirs is reviewed and extended. We focus on thermoelectric phenomena, involving exchange of energy and particles. Entropy production and Onsager relations are…
We point out that the entropy of (near) extremal black holes can be interpreted as the entanglement entropy of dual conformal quantum mechanics via AdS2/CFT1. As an explicit example, we study near extremal BTZ black holes and derive this…
We establish an algebraic criterion which ensures the strict positivity of the entropy production in quantum models consisting of a small system coupled to thermal reservoirs at different temperatures.
Thermal tomography is an imaging technique for deducing information about the internal structure of a physical body from temperature measurements on its boundary. This work considers time-dependent thermal tomography modeled by a parabolic…
We study the absorption spectrum for a strongly degenerate Fermi gas confined in a harmonic trap. The spectrum is calculated using both the exact summation and also the Thomas-Fermi (TF) approximation. In the latter case, relatively simple…
This is the continuation of cond-mat/0505084. Elementary formulas are derived for the flow of entropy through a circuit junction in a near-critical quantum circuit, based on the structure of the energy-momentum tensor at the junction. The…
We provide a brief review of the contribution of thermally excited carriers to dispersion forces. In a metal, these carriers generate charge and current fluctuations whose spectral frequencies are comparable to $k_B T/\hbar$. They are very…