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Due to its ability to tolerate high channel loss, decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) has been one of the main focuses within the QKD community. Notably, several experimental groups have demonstrated that it is secure and feasible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-12 Charles Ci Wen Lim , Marcos Curty , Nino Walenta , Feihu Xu , Hugo Zbinden

Quantum key distribution (QKD) permits information-theoretically secure transmission of digital encryption keys, assuming that the behaviour of the devices employed for the key exchange can be reliably modelled and predicted. Remarkably, no…

Efficiency is a key issue in any real implementation of a cryptographic protocol since the physical resources are not unlimited. We will first show that Quantum Key Distribution is possible with an "Entanglement based" scheme with NPPT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Carles Rodó

In theory, quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional security based on the laws of physics. However, as demonstrated in recent quantum hacking theory and experimental papers, detection efficiency loophole can be fatal to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-06 Chi-Hang Fred Fung , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Bing Qi , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Xiongfeng Ma

Practical quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols require a finite-size security proof. The phase error correction (PEC) approach is one of the general strategies for security analyses that has successfully proved finite-size security for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Takaya Matsuura , Shinichiro Yamano , Yui Kuramochi , Toshihiko Sasaki , Masato Koashi

We construct general schemes for multi-partite quantum secret sharing using multi-level systems, and find that the consistent conditions for valid measurements can be summarized in two simple algebraic conditions. The scheme using the very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-07-22 I-Ching Yu , Feng-Li Lin , Ching-Yu Huang

We investigate the composable security of unidimensional contin- uous variable quantum key distribution (UCVQKD), which is based on the Gaussian modulation of a single quadrature of the coherent-state of light, aiming to provide a simple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-08 Qin Liao , Ying Guo , Cailang Xie , Duang Huang , Peng Huang , Guihua Zeng

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to grow a shared key which they can use for unconditionally secure communication [1]. The applicable distance of a QKD protocol depends on the loss and the excess noise of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-08 Lars S. Madsen , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Mikael Lassen , Radim Filip , Ulrik L. Andersen

Key distribution plays a fundamental role in cryptography. Currently, the quantum scheme stands as the only known method for achieving unconditionally secure key distribution. This method has been demonstrated over distances of 508 and 1002…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Hua-Lei Yin

We present a result of side-channel-secure (SCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) under fully realistic conditions. Our result is not only measurement-device independent but also effective with imperfect (and unstable) source devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

We demonstrate a weak pulse quantum key distribution system using the BB84 protocol which is secure against all individual attacks, including photon number splitting. By carefully controlling the weak pulse intensity we demonstrate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Gobby , Z. L. Yuan , A. J. Shields

Quantum key distribution is an effective encryption technique which can be used to perform secure quantum communication between satellite and ground stations. Quantum cryptography enhances security in various networks such as optical fibers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-20 Vishal Sharma , Subhashish Banerjee

Quantum cryptography has been recently extended to continuous variable systems, e.g., the bosonic modes of the electromagnetic field. In particular, several cryptographic protocols have been proposed and experimentally implemented using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-03 Stefano Pirandola , Stefano Mancini , Seth Lloyd , Samuel L. Braunstein

The security proof of continuous variable (CV) measurement device independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) cannot be reduced to the analysis of one-mode Gaussian attacks (in particular, independent entangling-cloner attacks). To…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-22 Carlo Ottaviani , Gaetana Spedalieri , Samuel L. Braunstein , Stefano Pirandola

In search of a quantum key distribution scheme that could stand up for more drastic eavesdropping attack, I discover a prepare-and-measure scheme using $N$-dimensional quantum particles as information carriers where $N$ is a prime power.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. F. Chau

We present a discretely modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution system in free space by using strong coherent states. The amplitude noise in the laser source is suppressed to the shot-noise limit by using a mode cleaner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Yong Shen , Hongxin Zou , Liang Tian , Pingxing Chen , Jianmin Yuan

We consider the secure quantum communication over a network with the presence of a malicious adversary who can eavesdrop and contaminate the states. The network consists of noiseless quantum channels with the unit capacity and the nodes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Seunghoan Song , Masahito Hayashi

Basic techniques to prove the unconditional security of quantum cryptography are described. They are applied to a quantum key distribution protocol proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984. The proof considers a practical variation on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dominic Mayers

The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) is quantified by a parameter $\varepsilon>0$, which -- under well-defined physical assumptions -- can be bounded explicitly. This contrasts with computationally secure schemes, where security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Carla Ferradini , Martin Sandfuchs , Ramona Wolf , Renato Renner

The two-way capacities of quantum channels determine the ultimate entanglement and secret-key distribution rates achievable by two distant parties that are connected by a noisy transmission line, in absence of quantum repeaters. Since…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Francesco Anna Mele , Ludovico Lami , Vittorio Giovannetti