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Continuous variable quantum key distribution with discrete modulation has the potential to provide information-theoretic security using widely available optical elements and existing telecom infrastructure. While their implementation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-25 Stefan Bäuml , Carlos Pascual-García , Victoria Wright , Omar Fawzi , Antonio Acín

We establish an analytical lower bound on the asymptotic secret key rate of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with an arbitrary modulation of coherent states. Previously, such bounds were only available for protocols with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Aurélie Denys , Peter Brown , Anthony Leverrier

We investigate the security of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) using coherent states and reverse reconciliation against Gaussian individual attacks based on an optimal Gaussian $1 \to 2$ cloning machine. We provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-29 Ryo Namiki , Masato Koashi , Nobuyuki Imoto

Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two users to establish a secure secret key when one of the two users is limited to performing certain "classical" operations. There have been several such protocols developed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-17 Walter O. Krawec

The existing unconditional security definitions of quantum key distribution (QKD) do not apply to joint attacks over QKD and the subsequent use of the resulting key. In this paper, we close this potential security gap by using a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Ben-Or , Michal Horodecki , D. W. Leung , D. Mayers , J. Oppenheim

Future global quantum communication networks, or quantum Internet, will realize high-rate secure communication and entanglement distribution for large-scale users over long distances. Continuous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-26 Zhiyue Zuo , Masoud Ghalaii , Stefano Pirandola

We provide security bounds against coherent attacks for two families of quantum key distribution protocols that use $d$-dimensional quantum systems. In the asymptotic regime, both the secret key rate for fixed noise and the robustness to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Lana Sheridan , Valerio Scarani

The work by Christandl, K\"onig and Renner [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 020504 (2009)] provides in particular the possibility of studying unconditional security in the finite-key regime for all discrete-variable protocols. We spell out this bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-02 Lana Sheridan , Thinh Phuc Le , Valerio Scarani

We propose a continuous variable quantum key distribution protocol based on discrete modulation of eight-state coherent states. We present a rigorous security proof against the collective attacks considering both of realistic lossy, noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-06-23 A. Becir , F. A. A. El-Orany , M. R. B. Wahiddin

We address the applicability of quantum key distribution with continuous-variable coherent and squeezed states over long-distance satellite-based links, considering low Earth orbits and taking into account strong varying channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-25 Ivan Derkach , Vladyslav C Usenko

The combination of quantum secret sharing (QSS) and continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) has demonstrated clear advantages and has undergone significant development in recent years. However, research on the practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Fangli Yang , Liang Chang , Minghua Pan

We introduce a ternary quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol and asymptotic security proof based on three coherent states and homodyne detection. Previous work had considered the binary case of two coherent states and here we nontrivially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Kamil Bradler , Christian Weedbrook

We have developed a method to calculate a secret key rate of a continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution scheme using four coherent states and postselection for a general model of Gaussian attacks. We assume that the transmission line…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Ryo Namiki , Akira Kitagawa , Takuya Hirano

We prove the unconditional security of a quantum key distribution protocol in which bit values are encoded in the phase of a weak coherent-state pulse relative to a strong reference pulse. In contrast to implementations in which a weak…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Masato Koashi

We extend the security proof for continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols using post selection to account for arbitrary eavesdropping attacks by employing the concept of an equivalent protocol where the post-selection is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-08 Nathan Walk , Thomas Symul , Ping Koy Lam , Timothy C. Ralph

In realistic continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols, an eavesdropper may exploit the additional Gaussian noise generated during transmission to mask her presence. We present a theoretical framework for a post-selection based…

The Gaussian quantum key distribution protocol based on coherent states and heterodyne detection [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 170504 (2004)] has the advantage that no active random basis switching is needed on the receiver's side. Its security is,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. Sudjana , L. Magnin , R. Garcia-Patron , N. J. Cerf

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables the establishment of secret keys between users connected via a channel vulnerable to eavesdropping, with information-theoretic security, that is, independently of the power of a malevolent party. QKD…

We present a composable security proof, valid against arbitrary attacks and including finite-size effects, for a high dimensional time-frequency quantum key distribution (TFQKD) protocol based upon spectrally entangled photons. Previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Nathan Walk , Jonathan Barrett , Joshua Nunn

Quantum key distribution using weak coherent states and homodyne detection is a promising candidate for practical quantum-cryptographic implementations due to its compatibility with existing telecom equipment and high detection…