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The de Finetti representation theorem for continuous variable quantum system is first developed to approximate an N-partite continuous variable quantum state with a convex combination of independent and identical subsystems, which requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-28 Murphy Yuezhen Niu

We formulate and prove a de Finetti representation theorem for finitely exchangeable states of a quantum system consisting of k infinite-dimensional subsystems. The theorem is valid for states that can be written as the partial trace of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christian D'Cruz , Tobias J. Osborne , Ruediger Schack

Symmetries are of fundamental interest in many areas of science. In quantum information theory, if a quantum state is invariant under permutations of its subsystems, it is a well-known and widely used result that its marginal can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-19 Paula Belzig

Consider a symmetric quantum state on an n-fold product space, that is, the state is invariant under permutations of the n subsystems. We show that, conditioned on the outcomes of an informationally complete measurement applied to a number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Robert Koenig , Renato Renner

When analysing quantum information processing protocols one has to deal with large entangled systems, each consisting of many subsystems. To make this analysis feasible, it is often necessary to identify some additional structure. de…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-09 Rotem Arnon , Renato Renner

In its most basic form, the finite quantum de Finetti theorem states that the reduced k-partite density operator of an n-partite symmetric state can be approximated by a convex combination of k-fold product states. Variations of this result…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-12 Robert Koenig , Graeme Mitchison

We propose various new techniques in quantum information theory, including a de Finetti style representation theorem for finite symmetric quantum states. As an application, we give a proof for the security of quantum key distribution which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Renato Renner

Given a quantum system consisting of many parts, we show that symmetry of the system's state, i.e., invariance under swappings of the subsystems, implies that almost all of its parts are virtually identical and independent of each other.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Renato Renner

The quantum versions of de Finetti's theorem derived so far express the convergence of n-partite symmetric states, i.e., states that are invariant under permutations of their n parties, towards probabilistic mixtures of independent and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-15 Anthony Leverrier , Nicolas J. Cerf

We propose a general method for studying properties of quantum channels acting on an n-partite system, whose action is invariant under permutations of the subsystems. Our main result is that, in order to prove that a certain property holds…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Matthias Christandl , Robert Koenig , Renato Renner

Quantum versions of de Finetti's theorem are powerful tools, yielding conceptually important insights into the security of key distribution protocols or tomography schemes and allowing to bound the error made by mean-field approaches. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-26 C. Krumnow , Z. Zimboras , J. Eisert

In the realistic quantum key distribution (QKD), Alice and Bob respectively get a quantum state from an unknown channel, whose dimension may be unknown. However, while discussing the security, sometime we need to know exact dimension, since…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-25 Yi-Bo Zhao , Zheng-Fu Han , Guang-Can Guo

We prove a version of the quantum de Finetti theorem: permutation-invariant quantum states are well approximated as a probabilistic mixture of multi-fold product states. The approximation is measured by distinguishability under fully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-29 Ke Li , Graeme Smith

We present an elementary proof of the quantum de Finetti representation theorem, a quantum analogue of de Finetti's classical theorem on exchangeable probability assignments. This contrasts with the original proof of Hudson and Moody [Z.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Carlton M. Caves , Christopher A. Fuchs , Ruediger Schack

De Finetti theorems show how sufficiently exchangeable states are well-approximated by convex combinations of i.i.d. states. Recently, it was shown that in many quantum information applications a more relaxed de Finetti reduction (i.e. only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-27 Cécilia Lancien , Andreas Winter

The de Finetti theorem and its extensions concern the structure of multipartite probability distributions with certain symmetry properties, the paradigmatic original example being permutation symmetry. These theorems assert that such…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-10-11 Javier M. Magan

In this paper we discuss the fidelity of states in infinite dimensional systems, give an elementary proof of the infinite dimensional version of Uhlmann's theorem, and then, apply it to generalize several properties of the fidelity from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-05 Jinchuan Hou , Xiaofei Qi

The quantum de Finetti theorem says that, given a symmetric state, the state obtained by tracing out some of its subsystems approximates a convex sum of power states. The more subsystems are traced out, the better this approximation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Graeme Mitchison

We work in a general framework where the state of a physical system is defined by its behaviour under measurement and the global state is constrained by no-signalling conditions. We show that the marginals of symmetric states in such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-16 Matthias Christandl , Ben Toner

Exchangeability is a fundamental concept in probability theory and statistics. It allows to model situations where the order of observations does not matter. The classical de Finetti's theorem provides a representation of infinitely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Alessio Benavoli , Alessandro Facchini , Marco Zaffalon
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