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We provide an overview of iterated function systems (IFS), where randomly chosen state-to-state maps are applied iteratively to a state. We aim to summarize the state of art and, where possible, identify fundamental challenges and…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-11-29 Ramen Ghosh , Jakub Marecek

We study measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$ which are induced by a class of infinite and recursive iterations in symbolic dynamics. Beginning with a finite set of data, we analyze prescribed recursive iteration systems, each involving subdivisions.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-08-20 Palle E. T. Jorgensen , Keri A. Kornelson , Karen L. Shuman

Consider a Moran-type iterated function system (IFS) \( \{\phi_{k,d}\}_{d\in D_{2p_k}, k\geq 1} \), where each contraction map is defined as \[ \phi_{k,d}(x) = (-1)^d b_k^{-1}(x + d), \] with integer sequences \( \{b_k\}_{k=1}^\infty \) and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-04 Jun Jason Luo , Lin Mao , Jing-Cheng Liu

Iterated function systems (IFS) provide a powerful method for constructing fractals and modeling complex structures. This paper develops the notion of a dynamical system of IFS to study how an initial IFS evolves over time. We construct a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-10-11 Praveen M

Given an iterated function system (IFS) on a complete and separable metric space $Y$, there exists a unique compact subset $X \subseteq Y$ satisfying a fixed point relation with respect to the IFS. This subset is called the attractor set,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-04-03 Trubee Davison

Let $(b_k)_{k = 0}^\infty$ be strictly decreasing sequence of real numbers such that $b_0 = 1$ and $\{f_k:[b_k,b_{k-1}]\to [0,1]\}_{k\in\N}$ be decreasing functions such that $f_k(b_k) = 1$ and $f_k(b_{k-1}) = 0$, $k = 1, 2, \dots$. By…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Rafał Tryniecki

Analyzing the structure of sampled features from an input data distribution is challenging when constrained by limited measurements in both the number of inputs and features. Traditional approaches often rely on the eigenvalue spectrum of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Chanwoo Chun , SueYeon Chung , Daniel D. Lee

The orbit of a point $x\in X$ in a classical iterated function system (IFS) can be defined as $\{f_u(x)=f_{u_n}\circ\cdots \circ f_{u_1}(x):$ $u=u_1\cdots u_n$ is a word of a full shift $\Sigma$ on finite symbols and $f_{u_i}$ is a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-03-30 Dawoud Ahmadi Dastjerdi , Mahdi Aghaee

With any convex function F on a finite-dimensional linear space X such that F goes to infinity at infinity, we associate a Borel measure on the dual space X*. This measure is obtained by pushing forward the measure exp(-F(x))dx under the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-04-03 Dario Cordero-Erausquin , Bo'az Klartag

Some recent papers have extended the concept of finite-time stability (FTS) to the context of 2D linear systems, where it has been referred to as finite-region stability (FRS). FRS methodologies make even more sense than the classical FTS…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Chao Liang , Carlo Cosentino , Alessio Merola , Maria Romano , Francesco Amato

In this paper, we reformulate the definition of the iterated function systems (denoted by general IFSs in this paper) and show the existence and uniqueness (in some sense) of the limit sets generated by the general IFSs, to unify the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-03-31 Kanji Inui

We give a systematic account of iterated function systems (IFS) of weak contractions of different types (Browder, Rakotch, topological). We show that the existence of attractors and asymptotically stable invariant measures, and the validity…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Krzysztof Leśniak , Nina Snigireva , Filip Strobin

We study the topological properties of attractors of Iterated Function Systems (I.F.S.) on the real line, consisting of affine maps of homogeneous contraction ratio. These maps define what we call a second generation I.F.S.: they are…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-29 Giorgio Mantica , Roberto Peirone

We investigate the topological and metric properties of attractors of an iterated function system (IFS) whose functions may not be contractive. We focus, in particular, on invertible IFSs of finitely many maps on a compact metric space. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-06-28 Michael Barnsley , Andrew Vince

An infinite iterated function system (IIFS) is a countable collection of contraction maps on a compact metric space. In this paper we study the conditions under which the attractor of a such system admits a parameterization by a continuous…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-09 Eve Shaw , Vyron Vellis

We consider iterated functions systems (IFS) on compact metric spaces and introduce the concept of target sets. Such sets have very rich dynamical properties and play a similar role as semifractals introduced by Lasota and Myjak do for…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Lorenzo J. Díaz , Edgar Matias

For points in $d$ real dimensions, we introduce a geometry for general digit sets. We introduce a positional number system where the basis for our representation is a fixed $d$ by $d$ matrix over $\bz$. Our starting point is a given pair…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-10-08 Dorin Ervin Dutkay , Palle E. T. Jorgensen , Gabriel Picioroaga

Relativistic quantum systems that admit scattering experiments are quantitatively described by effective field theories, where $S$-matrix kinematics and symmetry considerations are encoded in the operator spectrum of the EFT. In this paper…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-22 Brian Henning , Xiaochuan Lu , Tom Melia , Hitoshi Murayama

In this work we propose a definition of an Euroattractor: an attracting invariant measure of a certain iterated functions system (IFS). An IFS is defined by specifying a set of functions, defined in subsets of R^N or in a classical phase…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Karol Zyczkowski , Artur Lozinski

We study new relations between countable iterated function systems (IFS) with overlaps, Smale endomorphisms and random systems with complete connections. We prove that stationary measures for countable conformal IFS with overlaps and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-02-16 Eugen Mihailescu , Mariusz Urbanski