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We apply the free product construction to various local algebras in algebraic quantum field theory. If we take the free product of infinitely many identical half-sided modular inclusions with ergodic canonical endomorphism, we obtain a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-06-20 Roberto Longo , Yoh Tanimoto , Yoshimichi Ueda

A Bialgebra is a module over a ring that is both an associative algebra and a co-associative coalgebra with the product and coproduct additionally satisfying an appropriate commutative relationship. One application of Bialgebras is in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-04-04 William Salkeld

In this text we develop the formalism of products and powers of linear codes under componentwise multiplication. As an expanded version of the author's talk at AGCT-14, focus is put mostly on basic properties and descriptive statements that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-15 Hugues Randriambololona

The method of direct computation of universal (fibred) product in the category of commutative associative algebras of finite type with unity over a field is given and proven. The field of coefficients is not supposed to be algebraically…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Nadezda V. Timofeeva

We study associative multiplications in semi-simple associative algebras over C compatible with the usual one. An interesting class of such multiplications is related to the affine Dynkin diagrams of A, D, E-type. In this paper we…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2009-11-11 Alexander Odesskii , Vladimir Sokolov

In this article we associate a combinatorial differential graded algebra to a cubic planar graph G. This algebra is defined combinatorially by counting binary sequences, which we introduce, and several explicit computations are provided. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-05 Roger Casals , Emmy Murphy

As an instance of a linear action of a Hopf algebra on a free associative algebra, we consider finite group gradings of a free algebra induced by gradings on the space spanned by the free generators. The homogeneous component corresponding…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2008-11-12 Vitor O. Ferreira , Lucia S. I. Murakami

Pairwise ordered tree alignment are combinatorial objects that appear in RNA secondary structure comparison. However, the usual representation of tree alignments as supertrees is ambiguous, i.e. two distinct supertrees may induce identical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-03-08 Cedric Chauve , Julien Courtiel , Yann Ponty

For any set S, the free magmatic algebra spanned by card(S) binary products is the vector space spanned by the set of all planar rooted binary trees with the internal nodes colored by the elements of S, graded by the number of leaves of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Dalia Artenstein , Ana González , María Ronco

We propose a combinatorial formula for the coproduct in a Hopf algebra of decorated multi-indices that recently appeared in the literature, which can be briefly described as the graded dual of the enveloping algebra of the free Novikov…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-26 Zhicheng Zhu , Xing Gao , Dominique Manchon

Modulo the ideal generated by the derivative fields, the normal ordered product of holomorphic fields in two-dimensional conformal field theory yields a commutative and associative algebra. The zero mode algebra can be regarded as a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 David Brungs , Werner Nahm

We study the interaction between two structures on the group of polynomial automorphisms of the affine plane: its structure as an amalgamated free product and as an infinite-dimensional algebraic variety. We introduce a new conjecture, and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Drew Lewis , Kaitlyn Perry , Armin Straub

We show that the infinite symmetric product of a connected graded-commutative algebra over the rationals is naturally isomorphic to the free graded-commutative algebra on the positive degree subspace of the original algebra. In particular,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-11-09 Jiahao Hu , Aleksandar Milivojević

We present amalgamated free products satisfying coupling rigidity with respect to the automorphism group of the associated Bass-Serre tree. As an application, we obtain orbit equivalence rigidity for amalgamated free products of mapping…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-24 Yoshikata Kida

In "Hopf algebra of the planar binary trees", Adv. Math. 139 (1998), no. 2, 293--309, we constructed by induction a graded associative product on the vector space generated by the planar binary trees (resp. the permutations). In the present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-07 Jean-Louis Loday , Maria O. Ronco

We provide graded extensions of algebraic theories and Lawvere theories that correspond to graded monads. We prove that graded algebraic theories, graded Lawvere theories, and finitary graded monads are equivalent via equivalence of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Satoshi Kura

We establish relations between representation dimensions of two algebras connected by a Frobenius bimodule or extension. Consequently, upper bounds and equality formulas for representation dimensions of group algebras, symmetric separably…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-13 Changchang Xi

Supplementary results obtained after the completion of our previous paper are given together with discussing some examples. A quick review of the previous paper is also included.

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-05-21 Yoshimichi Ueda

We describe arithmetic computations in terms of operations on some well known free algebras (S1S, S2S and ordered rooted binary trees) while emphasizing the common structure present in all them when seen as isomorphic with the set of…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-01-03 Paul Tarau

We compute the graded automorphisms of the upper triangular matrices, viewed as associative, Lie and Jordan algebras. We compute also the so called self-equivalences and Weyl and diagonal groups for every grading.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-10-06 Felipe Yukihide Yasumura