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The goal of comparison is to reveal the difference of compared objects as fast and reliably as possible. In this paper we formulate and investigate the unambiguous comparison of unknown quantum measurements represented by non-degenerate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Mario Ziman , Teiko Heinosaari , Michal Sedlak

The problem as to when two noncommuting observables are considered to have the same value arises commonly, but shows a nontrivial difficulty. Here, an answer is given by establishing the notion of perfect correlations between noncommuting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Masanao Ozawa

Recent years have witnessed a controversy over Heisenberg's famous error-disturbance relation. Here we resolve the conflict by way of an analysis of the possible conceptualizations of measurement error and disturbance in quantum mechanics.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-24 Paul Busch , Pekka Lahti , Reinhard F Werner

Joint quantum measurements of non-commuting observables are possible, if one accepts an increase in the measured variances. A necessary condition for a joint measurement to be possible is that a joint probability distribution exists for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Wonmin Son , Erika Andersson , Stephem M. Barnett , M. S. Kim

The uncertainty principle generally prohibits determination of certain pairs of quantum mechanical observables with arbitrary precision and forms the basis of indeterminacy in quantum mechanics. It was Heisenberg who used the famous…

A geometric approach to formulate the uncertainty principle between quantum observables acting on an $N$-dimensional Hilbert space is proposed. We consider the fidelity between a density operator associated with a quantum system and a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 G. M. Bosyk , T. M. Osán , P. W. Lamberti , M. Portesi

We point out that the Gaussian wave-packet formalism can serve as a concrete realization of the joint measurement of position and momentum, which is an essential element in understanding Heisenberg's original philosophy of the uncertainty…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-02 Kin-ya Oda , Naoya Ogawa

We derive several uncertainty relations for two arbitrary unitary operators acting on physical states of a Hilbert space. We show that our bounds are tighter in various cases than the ones existing in the current literature. Using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 Shrobona Bagchi , Arun Kumar Pati

By implicitly assuming that all possible Bell-measurements occur simultaneously, all proofs of Bell's Theorem violate Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. This assumption is made in the original form of Bell's inequality, in Wigner's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Clover

Consistency with relativistic causality narrows down dramatically the class of measurable observables. We argue that by weakening the preparation role of ideal measurements, many of these observables become measurable. Particularly, we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Berry Groisman , Benni Reznik

While there is a rigorously proven relationship about uncertainties intrinsic to any quantum system, often referred to as "Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle," Heisenberg originally formulated his ideas in terms of a relationship between…

A pair of quantum observables diagonal in the same "incoherent" basis can be measured jointly, so some coherence is obviously required for measurement incompatibility. Here we first observe that coherence in a single observable is linked to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-11 Jukka Kiukas , Daniel McNulty , Juha-Pekka Pellonpää

In the operator formalism of quantum mechanics, the density operator describes the complete statistics of a quantum state in terms of d^2 independent elements, where d is the number of possible outcomes for a precise measurement of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-30 Holger F. Hofmann

In this note, we consider the implications of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle (HUP) when computing uncertainties that affect the main dynamical quantities, from the perspective of special relativity. Using the well-known formula for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-19 Luca Nanni

The determination of a quantum observable from the first and second moments of its measurement outcome statistics is investigated. Operational conditions for the moments of a probability measure are given which suffice to determine the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-19 Pekka Lahti , Juha-Pekka Pellonpaa , Kari Ylinen

Two important ingredients necessary for obtaining Bell nonlocal correlations between two spatially separated parties are an entangled state shared between them and an incompatible set of measurements employed by each of them. We focus on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 Priya Ghosh , Chirag Srivastava , Swati Choudhary , Ujjwal Sen

One of the hallmarks of quantum theory is the realization that distinct measurements cannot in general be performed simultaneously, in stark contrast to classical physics. In this context the notions of coexistence and joint measurability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-26 David Reeb , Daniel Reitzner , Michael M. Wolf

In relativity, two simultaneous events at two different places are not simultaneous for observers in different Lorentz frames. In the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment, two simultaneous measurements are taken at two different places. Would…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. S. Kim , Marilyn E. Noz

By implicitly assuming that all measurements occur simultaneously, Bell's Theorem only applied to local theories that violated Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle. By explicitly introducing time into our derivation of Bell's theorem, an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Clover

We present a single inequality as the necessary and sufficient condition for two unsharp observables of a two-level system to be jointly measurable in a single apparatus and construct explicitly the joint observables. A complementarity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-17 Sixia Yu , Naile Liu , Li Li , C. H. Oh