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Studying social dilemmas prompts the question of how cooperation can emerge in situations where individuals are expected to act selfishly. Here, in the framework of the one-shot Public Goods Game (PGG), we introduce the concept that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-09 Lucas S. Flores , The Anh Han

In the framework of the paradigmatic prisoner's dilemma, we investigate the evolutionary dynamics of social dilemmas in the presence of "cooperation facilitators". In our model, cooperators and defectors interact as in the classical…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-08-02 Mauro Mobilia

Cooperation and competition are fundamental forces shaping both natural and human systems, yet their interplay remains poorly understood. The Prisoner's Dilemma Game (PDG) has long served as a foundational framework in Game Theory for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-01 Alfonso de Miguel-Arribas , Chengbin Sun , Carlos Gracia-Lázaro , Yamir Moreno

Traditionally, resource limitation in evolutionary game theory is assumed just to impose a constant population size. Here we show that resource limitations may generate dynamical payoffs able to alter an original prisoner's dilemma, and to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-26 Rubén J. Requejo , Juan Camacho

Cooperation and defection are social traits whose evolutionary origin is still unresolved. Recent behavioral experiments with humans suggested that strategy changes are driven mainly by the individuals' expectations and not by imitation.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-13 Miguel Aguilar-Janita , Nagi Khalil , Inmaculada Leyva , Irene Sendiña-Nadal

Punishment and partner switching are two well-studied mechanisms that support the evolution of cooperation. Observation of human behaviour suggests that the extent to which punishment is adopted depends on the usage of alternative…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-26 Hirofumi Takesue

In social dilemmas, most interactions are transient and susceptible to restructuring, leading to continuous changes in social networks over time. Typically, agents assess the rewards of their current interactions and adjust their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-25 Xiaojin Xiong , Yichao Yao , Minyu Feng , Manuel Chica

Cooperation lies at the foundations of human societies, yet why people cooperate remains a conundrum. The issue, known as network reciprocity, of whether population structure can foster cooperative behavior in social dilemmas has been…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-23 Giulio Cimini , Angel Sánchez

As humans perceive and actively engage with the world, we adjust our decisions in response to shifting group dynamics and are influenced by social interactions. This study aims to identify which aspects of interaction affect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-23 Lucila G. Alvarez-Zuzek , Laura Ferrarotti , Bruno Lepri , Riccardo Gallotti

Cooperation plays a crucial role in both nature and human society, and the conundrum of cooperation attracts the attention from interdisciplinary research. In this study, we investigated the evolution of cooperation in optional prisoner's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-02 Gopal Sharma , Hao Guo , Chen Shen , Jun Tanimoto

Spatial evolutionary games provide a valuable framework for elucidating the emergence and maintenance of cooperative behavior. However, most previous studies assume that individuals are profiteers and neglect to consider the effects of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Bin Pi , Minyu Feng , Liang-Jian Deng

We study the stochastic dynamics of evolutionary games, and focus on the so-called `stochastic slowdown' effect, previously observed in (Altrock et. al, 2010) for simple evolutionary dynamics. Slowdown here refers to the fact that a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-07-30 Philipp M. Altrock , Arne Traulsen , Tobias Galla

Commitment is a well-established mechanism for fostering cooperation in human society and multi-agent systems. However, existing research has predominantly focused on the commitment that neglects the freedom of players to abstain from an…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhao Song , The Anh Han

The spatial arrangement of individuals is thought to overcome the dilemma of cooperation: When cooperators engage in clusters they might share the benefit of cooperation while being more protected against non-cooperating individuals, which…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2013-04-18 Anatolij Gelimson , Jonas Cremer , Erwin Frey

We study the evolution of cooperation in public goods games on different regular graphs as a function of the noise level underlying strategy adoptions. We focus on the effects that are brought about by different group sizes of public goods…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-19 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Gyorgy Szabo

Various theoretical and empirical studies have accounted for why humans cooperate in competitive environments. Although prior work has revealed that network structure and multiplex interactions can promote cooperation, most theory assumes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-05 Jnanajyoti Bhaumik , Naoki Masuda

A fundamental question of human society is the evolution of cooperation. Many previous studies explored this question via setting spatial background, where players obtain their payoffs by playing game with their nearest neighbors. Another…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-20 Zhen Wang , Wen-Bo Du , Xian-Bin Cao , Lian-Zhong Zhang

Understanding the evolution of cooperation in multiplayer games is of vital significance for natural and social systems. An important challenge is that group interactions often leads to nonlinear synergistic effects. However, previous…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-13 Wenqiang Zhu , Xin Wang , Chaoqian Wang , Longzhao Liu , Jiaxin Hu , Zhiming Zheng , Shaoting Tang , Hongwei Zheng , Jin Dong

This paper explores the Coevolutionary Optional Prisoner's Dilemma (COPD) game, which is a simple model to coevolve game strategy and link weights of agents playing the Optional Prisoner's Dilemma game. We consider a population of agents…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Marcos Cardinot , Colm O'Riordan , Josephine Griffith

Experiments on the ultimatum game have revealed that humans are remarkably fond of fair play. When asked to share an amount of money, unfair offers are rare and their acceptance rate small. While empathy and spatiality may lead to the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-08-20 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Gyorgy Szabo