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Related papers: An impossibility result for process discrimination

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In this paper, we consider binary response models with linear quantile restrictions. Considerably generalizing previous research on this topic, our analysis focuses on an infinite collection of quantile estimators. We derive a uniform…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-03-25 Stanislav Volgushev

The trade-off between the two types of errors in binary state discrimination may be quantified in the asymptotics by various error exponents. In the case of simple i.i.d. hypotheses, each of these exponents is equal to a divergence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-18 Milán Mosonyi , Zsombor Szilágyi , Mihály Weiner

Let $\xi$ be a random integer vector, having uniform distribution \[\mathbf{P} \{\xi = (i_1,i_2,...,i_n) = 1/n^n \} \ \hbox{for} \ 1 \leq i_1,i_2,...,i_n\leq n.\] A realization $(i_1,i_2,...,i_n)$ of $\xi$ is called \textit{good}, if its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Antal Iványi , Balázs Novák

This paper deals with the problem of estimating the probabilities of causation when treatment and effect are not binary. Tian and Pearl derived sharp bounds for the probability of necessity and sufficiency (PNS), the probability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Ang Li , Judea Pearl

In this note we present a characterisation of all unary and binary patterns that do not only contain variables, but also reversals of their instances. These types of variables were studied recently in either more general or particular…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-08-20 Robert Mercaş

This paper is concerned with learners who aim to learn patterns in infinite binary sequences: shown longer and longer initial segments of a binary sequence, they either attempt to predict whether the next bit will be a 0 or will be a 1 or…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Gordon Belot

We report experiment results on binary categorization of (i) gray color, (ii) speech sounds, and (iii) number discrimination. Data analysis is based on constructing psychometric functions and focusing on asymptotics. We discuss the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-10-11 Ihor Lubashevsky , Ian Wilson , Rio Suzuki , Yuki Kato

When formalized, some diagonal arguments do not show the diagonal object to be impossible but rather reveal some other anomaly (e.g., that one of the relevant sets is ill-defined). This raises the possibility that some diagonal arguments…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-04-21 T. Parent

Services and products are often offered via the execution of processes that vary according to the context, requirements, or customisation needs. The analysis of such process variants can highlight differences in the service outcome or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Alessio Cecconi , Adriano Augusto , Claudio Di Ciccio

The paper covers the design and analysis of experiments to discriminate between two Gaussian process models, such as those widely used in computer experiments, kriging, sensor location and machine learning. Two frameworks are considered.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-22 Elham Yousefi , Luc Pronzato , Markus Hainy , Werner G. Müller , Henry P. Wynn

An executable binary typically contains a large number of machine instructions. Although the statistics of popular instructions is well known, the distribution of non-popular instructions has been relatively under explored. Our finding…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Nozima Murodova , Hyungjoon Koo

Identifying causal order from restricted projective data is generally nontrivial. When two quantum players interact only through an unobserved environment, the available local measurement statistics are typically not tomographically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Masahito Hayashi

Group fairness is achieved by equalising prediction distributions between protected sub-populations; individual fairness requires treating similar individuals alike. These two objectives, however, are incompatible when a scoring model is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Edward A. Small , Kacper Sokol , Daniel Manning , Flora D. Salim , Jeffrey Chan

When do nonparametric Bayesian procedures ``overfit''? To shed light on this question, we consider a binary regression problem in detail and establish frequentist consistency for a certain class of Bayes procedures based on hierarchical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Marc Coram , Steven P. Lalley

We introduce a new discrepancy score between two distributions that gives an indication on their similarity. While much research has been done to determine if two samples come from exactly the same distribution, much less research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-16 Maayan Harel , Shie Mannor

This article discusses the possibility of predicting human behavior in a mechanism. Such a mechanism will have certain properties, which are defined and discussed here. Here it is shown that, unfortunately, certain property combinations are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-09 Sergey Kuniavsky

Decisions are often based on imprecise, uncertain or vague information. Likewise, the consequences of an action are often equally unpredictable, thus putting the decision maker into a twofold jeopardy. Assuming that the effects of an action…

General Economics · Economics 2022-05-03 Stefan Rass , Sandra König , Stefan Schauer

Discrimination-aware classification is receiving an increasing attention in data science fields. The pre-process methods for constructing a discrimination-free classifier first remove discrimination from the training data, and then learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Lu Zhang , Yongkai Wu , Xintao Wu

Hypothesis testing in singular statistical models is often regarded as inherently problematic due to non-identifiability and degeneracy of the Fisher information. We show that the fundamental obstruction to testing in such models is not…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Sean Plummer

We elucidate a close connection between the Theory of Judgment Aggregation (more generally, Evaluation Aggregation), and a relatively young but rapidly growing field of universal algebra, that was primarily developed to investigate…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Mario Szegedy , Yixin Xu