Related papers: On NP complete problems I
We fix a non-zero integer $a$ and consider arithmetic progressions $a \bmod q$, with $q$ varying over a given range. We show that for certain specific values of $a$, the arithmetic progressions $a \bmod q$ contain, on average, significantly…
For a set $S$ of quadratic polynomials over a finite field, let $C$ be the (infinite) set of arbitrary compositions of elements in $S$. In this paper we show that there are examples with arbitrarily large $S$ such that every polynomial in…
We show factorization of polynomials in one variable over the tropical semiring is in general NP-complete, either if all coefficients are finite, or if all are either 0 or infinity (Boolean case). We give algorithms for the factorization…
A symmetric matrix $C$ is completely positive (CP) if there exists an entrywise nonnegative matrix $B$ such that $C=BB^T$. The CP-completion problem is to study whether we can assign values to the missing entries of a partial matrix (i.e.,…
This chapter delves into the realm of computational complexity, exploring the world of challenging combinatorial problems and their ties with statistical physics. Our exploration starts by delving deep into the foundations of combinatorial…
We show that there cannot be any algorithm that for a given nondeterministic polynomial-time Turing machine determinates whether or not the language recognized by this machine belongs to P
We show the NP-completeness of the existential theory of term algebras with the Knuth-Bendix order by giving a nondeterministic polynomial-time algorithm for solving Knuth-Bendix ordering constraints.
This is the final article in a series of four articles. Richard Karp has proven that a deterministic polynomial time solution to K-SAT will result in a deterministic polynomial time solution to all NP-Complete problems. However, it is…
We present an alternate formulation of the partial assignment problem as matching random clique complexes, that are higher-order analogues of random graphs, designed to provide a set of invariants that better detect higher-order structure.…
Comparative prime number theory is the study of the {\em{discrepancies}} of distributions when we compare the number of primes in different residue classes. This work presents a list of the problems being investigated in comparative prime…
In this paper, we prove that the numerical-semigroup-gap counting problem is #NP-complete as a main theorem. A numerical semigroup is an additive semigroup over the set of all nonnegative integers. A gap of a numerical semigroup is defined…
We introduce a simple, efficient and precise polynomial heuristic for a key NP complete problem, minimum vertex cover. Our method is iterative and operates in probability space. Once a stable probability solution is found we find the true…
The purpose of this paper is to propose a semi-analytical technique convenient for numerical approximation of solutions of the initial value problem for $p$-dimensional delayed and neutral differential systems with constant, proportional…
We consider systems of n particles that move with constant velocity between collisions. Their total momentum but not necessarily their kinetic energy is preserved at collisions. As there are no further constraints, these systems are…
A partial complement of the graph $G$ is a graph obtained from $G$ by complementing all the edges in one of its induced subgraphs. We study the following algorithmic question: for a given graph $G$ and graph class $\mathcal{G}$, is there a…
We claim to resolve the P=?NP problem via a formal argument for P=NP.
Let ${\mathbf P}$ be the class of polynomial-time decision problems and $\mathbf{NP}$ be the class of nondeterministic polynomial time decision problems. We prove the following: Theorem 3. The classes ${\mathbf P}$ and $\mathbf{NP}$ are…
In this paper, we tackle the parametric complete multiplicity problem for a univariate polynomial. Our approach to the parametric complete multiplicity problem has a significant difference from the classical method, which relies on repeated…
This work proposes two nodal type nonconforming finite elements over convex quadrilaterals, which are parts of a finite element exact sequence. Both elements are of 12 degrees of freedom (DoFs) with polynomial shape function spaces…
Computational complexity is examined using the principle of increasing entropy. To consider computation as a physical process from an initial instance to the final acceptance is motivated because many natural processes have been recognized…