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In high-contrast space-based coronagraphs, one of the main limiting factors for imaging the dimmest exoplanets is the time varying nature of the residual starlight (speckles). Modern methods try to differentiate between the intensities of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-04 Leonid Pogorelyuk , N. Jeremy Kasdin , Clarence W. Rowley

The photospheric magnetic field vector is continuously derived from measurements, while reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) coronal magnetic field requires modelling with photospheric measurements as a boundary condition. For…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-23 I. Chifu , B. Inhester , T. Wiegelmann

Diagnosing solar flare conditions is essential for understanding coronal energy release. Using combined microwave and X-ray data, we reconstruct three-dimensional maps of the magnetic field and plasma parameters in the SOL2021-05-07 flare.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-06 Tatyana Kaltman , Sijie Yu , Gregory D. Fleishman , Daniel F. Ryan

Coronal heating through the explosive release of magnetic energy remains an open problem in solar physics. Recent hydrodynamical models attempt an investigation by placing swarms of 'nanoflares' at random sites and times in modeled…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-30 K. Moraitis , A. Toutountzi , H. Isliker , M. Georgoulis , L. Vlahos , G. Chintzoglou

Since the Lalpha rocket observations of (Gabriel, Solar Phys. 21, 392, 1971), it has been realized that the hydrogen (H) lines could be observed in the corona and offer an interesting diagnostic for the temperature, density, and radial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Jean-Claude Vial , Martine Chane-Yook

Observational astrophysics started when spectroscopy could be applied to astronomy. Similarly, observational work on stellar magnetic fields became possible with the application of spectro-polarimetry. In recent decades there have been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 J. O. Stenflo

Polarisation measurements of solar flares at millimetre-waves were used to investigate the magnetic field configuration of the emitting sources. We analyse two solar flares (SOL2013-02-17 and SOL2013-11-05) observed by the POlarisation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 Douglas F. da Silva , Paulo J. A. Simões , R. F. Hidalgo Ramírez , Adriana Válio

The motion of faint propagating disturbances (PD) in the solar corona reveals an intricate structure which must be defined by the magnetic field. Applied to quiet Sun observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA)/Solar Dynamics…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-20 Huw Morgan , Marianna Korsos

We determine the coronal magnetic field strength in the heliocentric distance range 6 to 23 solar radii (Rs) by measuring the shock standoff distance and the radius of curvature of the flux rope during the 2008 March 25 coronal mass…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Nat Gopalswamy , Seiji Yashiro

I review some recent advances in methods to diagnose polarized radiation with which we may hope to explore the magnetism of the solar chromosphere and corona. These methods are based on the remarkable signatures that the radiatively induced…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 J. Trujillo Bueno

Measurements of magnetic fields and electric currents in the pre-eruptive corona are crucial to study solar eruptive phenomena, like flare and coronal mass ejections(CMEs). However, spectro-polarimetric measurements of certain photospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Tilaye Tadesse , T. Wiegelmann , B. Inhester , K. Olson , P. J. MacNeice , A. Pevtsov

The solar magnetic field is key to understanding the physical processes in the solar atmosphere. Nonlinear force-free codes have been shown to be useful in extrapolating the coronal field from underlying vector boundary data [see Schrijver…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-21 T. Wiegelmann , J. K. Thalmann , C. J. Schrijver , M. L. DeRosa , T. R. Metcalf

An attractive diagnostic tool for investigating the magnetism of the solar chromosphere is the observation and theoretical modeling of the Hanle and Zeeman effects in spicules, as shown in this letter for the first time. Here we report on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. Trujillo Bueno , L. Merenda , R. Centeno , M. Collados , E. Landi Degl'Innocenti

The structure of the solar corona is dominated by the magnetic field because the magnetic pressure is about four orders of magnitude higher than the plasma pressure. Due to the high conductivity the emitting coronal plasma (visible e.g. in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 T. Wiegelmann , B. Inhester , A. Lagg , S. K. Solanki

Magnetic field extrapolation is an important tool to study the three-dimensional (3D) solar coronal magnetic field which is difficult to directly measure. Various analytic models and numerical codes exist but their results often drastically…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Aiying Duan , Chaowei Jiang , Qiang Hu , Huai Zhang , G. Allen Gary , S. T. Wu , Jinbin Cao

The minimum-energy configuration for the magnetic field above the solar photosphere is curl-free (hence, by Ampere's law, also current-free), so can be represented as the gradient of a scalar potential. Since magnetic fields are divergence…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-20 Brian T. Welsch , George H. Fisher

Based on the method of finding coronal magnetic field value radial profiles B(R) described in (Gopalswamy and Yashiro, 2011), and applied for the directions close to the sky plane, we determined magnetic field value radial distributions…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 V. G. Fainshtein , Ya. I. Egorov

Stealth coronal mass ejection (CMEs) are eruptions from the Sun that are not associated with appreciable low-coronal signatures. Because they often cannot be linked to a well-defined source region on the Sun, analysis of their initial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-19 Erika Palmerio , Christina Kay , Nada Al-Haddad , Benjamin J. Lynch , Wenyuan Yu , Michael L. Stevens , Sanchita Pal , Christina O. Lee

The solar coronal magnetic field produces solar activity, including extremely energetic solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Knowledge of the structure and evolution of the magnetic field of the solar corona is important for…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Tilaye Tadesse , Thomas Wiegelmann , Peter MacNeice