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The Gini index is a popular inequality measure with many applications in social and economic studies. This paper studies semiparametric inference on the Gini indices of two semicontinuous populations. We characterize the distribution of…
In this paper, we extend the previous method for solving inverse problems for steady-state equations using the Generalized Collage Theorem by searching for an approximation that not only minimizes the collage error but also maximizes the…
We derive exact equations for a broken scale invariance of the homogeneous electron gas HEG, and show that they lead to a closed non-linear integral equation for the density- density correlation function when evaluated to leading order in…
From the inversion of a time series of high resolution slit spectrograms obtained from the quiet sun, the spatial and temporal distribution of the thermodynamical quantities and the vertical flow velocity is derived as a function of…
Recent experimental results on the static or quasistatic response of granular materials have been interpreted to suggest the inapplicability of the traditional engineering approaches, which are based on elasto-plastic models (which are…
Due to the nature of deep learning approaches, it is inherently difficult to understand which aspects of a molecular graph drive the predictions of the network. As a mitigation strategy, we constrain certain weights in a multi-task graph…
We study the notion of the scaled entropy of a filtration of $\sigma$-fields (= decreasing sequence of $\sigma$-fields) introduced by the first author ({V4}). We suggest a method for computing this entropy for the sequence of…
Thermal fluctuations are not large enough to lead to state changes in granular materials. However, such materials do achieve reproducible bulk properties, suggesting that they are controlled by an underlying statistical mechanics analogous…
The detection of microlensing events from stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud and in the Galactic bulge raise important constraints on the distribution of dark matter and on galactic structure, although some events may be due to a new type…
A multiphoton collective phase is a multiphoton-scattering feature that cannot be reduced to a sequence of two-photon scattering events, and the three-photon "triad phas" is the smallest nontrivial example. Observing a higher-order…
Partial label learning (PLL) is a complicated weakly supervised multi-classification task compounded by class imbalance. Currently, existing methods only rely on inter-class pseudo-labeling from inter-class features, often overlooking the…
Interferometric gravitational wave detectors are devoted to pick up the effect induced on masses by gravitational waves. The variations of the length dividing two mirrors is measured through a laser interferometric technique. The Brownian…
This article presents a multiscale, non-linear and directional statistical characterization of images based on the estimation of the skewness, flatness, entropy and distance from Gaussianity of the spatial increments. These increments are…
Gini index is a widely used measure of economic inequality. This article develops a general theory for constructing a confidence interval for Gini index with a specified confidence coefficient and a specified width. Fixed sample size…
Different from deep neural networks for non-graph data classification, graph neural networks (GNNs) leverage the information exchange between nodes (or samples) when representing nodes. The category distribution shows an imbalance or even a…
This paper is concerned with the construction of high order schemes on irregular grids for balance laws, including a discussion of an a-posteriori error indicator based on the numerical entropy production. We also impose well-balancing on…
Granular matter is comprised of a large number of particles whose collective behavior determines macroscopic properties such as flow and mechanical strength. A comprehensive theory of the properties of granular matter, therefore, requires a…
In this study we present a simple model of elliptical galaxies aimed at interpreting the gradients in colours and narrow band indices observed across these systems. Salient features of the model are the gradients in mass density and star…
Measuring the degree of inequality expressed by a multivariate statistical distribution is a challenging problem, which appears in many fields of science and engineering. In this paper, we propose to extend the well known univariate Gini…
Dynamical heterogeneities have been introduced in the context of the glass transition of molecular liquids and the lengthscale associated with them has been argued to be at the origin of the observed quasi-universal behaviour of glassy…