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I propose the index $h$, defined as the number of papers with citation number higher or equal to $h$, as a useful index to characterize the scientific output of a researcher.

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-08 J. E. Hirsch

The h-index is a popular bibliometric indicator for assessing individual scientists. We criticize the h-index from a theoretical point of view. We argue that for the purpose of measuring the overall scientific impact of a scientist (or some…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2011-08-22 Ludo Waltman , Nees Jan van Eck

A researcher collaborating with many groups will normally have more papers (and thus higher citations and $h$-index) than a researcher spending all his/her time working alone or in a small group. While analyzing an author's research merit,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2016-07-08 Shaon Sahoo

We propose measures of the impact of research that improve on existing ones such as counting of number of papers, citations and $h$-index. Since different papers and different fields have largely different average number of co-authors and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Alessandro Strumia , Riccardo Torre

Citation metrics are the best tools for research assessments. However, current metrics may be misleading in research systems that pursue simultaneously different goals, such as the advance of science and incremental innovations, because…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Alonso Rodriguez-Navarro , Ricardo Brito

Ranking groups of researchers is important in several contexts and can serve many purposes such as the fair distribution of grants based on the scientist's publication output, concession of research projects, classification of journal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Roberto da Silva , Jose Palazzo de Oliveira , Viviane Moreira

In bibliometrics, the association of "impact" with central-tendency statistics is mistaken. Impacts add up, and citation curves should therefore be integrated instead of averaged. For example, the journals MIS Quarterly and JASIST differ by…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2011-06-14 Loet Leydesdorff , Lutz Bornmann

The concept of h-index has been proposed to easily assess a researcher's performance with a single number. However, by using only this number, we lose significant information about the distribution of citations per article in an author's…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Antonis Sidiropoulos , Dimitrios Katsaros , Yannis Manolopoulos

Reputation is an important social construct in science, which enables informed quality assessments of both publications and careers of scientists in the absence of complete systemic information. However, the relation between reputation and…

As a simple means for comparing and - if possible - predicting scientific impacts of different researchers working in the same field, we suggest comparing their "sales curves". A sales curve is the number of citations of the researcher's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Werner Marx , Hermann Schier , Ole Krogh Andersen

The Journal Impact Factor (JIF) is linearly sensitive to self-citations because each self-citation adds to the numerator, whereas the denominator is not affected. Pinski & Narin (1976) derived the Influence Weight (IW) as an alternative to…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Gangan Prathap , Loet Leydesdorff

The evaluation of a researcher's performance has traditionally relied on various bibliometric measures, with the h-index being one of the most prominent. However, the h-index only accounts for the number of citations received in a…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hardik A. Jain , Rohitash Chandra

Once upon a time, scientists' worth was measured by their ideas, proofs, and perhaps how eloquently they debated Hilbert's problems at seminars. But now, citation metrics have come to center stage and handed us new masters: FWCI and CNCI.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Vugar Ismailov

Scientific evaluation is a determinant of how scientists, institutions and funders behave, and as such is a key element in the making of science. In this article, we propose an alternative to the current norm of evaluating research with…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Michaël Bon , Michael Taylor , Gary S. McDowell

Is more always better? We address this question in the context of bibliometric indices that aim to assess the scientific impact of individual researchers by counting their number of highly cited publications. We propose a simple model in…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2013-04-03 Ludo Waltman , Nees Jan van Eck , Paul Wouters

It is now widely recognised that components of the environment play the role of economic assets, termed natural capital, that are a foundation of social and economic development. National governments monitor the state and trends of natural…

General Economics · Economics 2020-11-13 Alison Fairbrass , Georgina Mace , Paul Ekins , Ben Milligan

We study the statistics of citations made to the top ranked indexed journals for Science and Social Science databases in the Journal Citation Reports using different measures. Total annual citation and impact factor, as well as a third…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-03-10 Abdul Khaleque , Arnab Chatterjee , Parongama Sen

Authorship and citation practices evolve with time and differ by academic discipline. As such, indicators of research productivity based on citation records are naturally subject to historical and disciplinary effects. We observe these…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-25 Alberto Pepe , Michael J. Kurtz

Ever more frequently, governments have decided to implement policy measures intended to foster and reward excellence in scientific research. This is in fact the intended purpose of national research assessment exercises. These are typically…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Giovanni Abramo , Tindaro Cicero , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo

In this study the amount of informal citations (i.e. those mentioning only author names or their initials instead of the complete references) in comparison to the formal (full reference based) citations is analyzed using some pioneers of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Werner Marx , Manuel Cardona
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