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The importance of the first-class constraint algebra of general relativity is not limited just by its self-contained description of the gauge nature of spacetime, but it also provides conditions to properly evolve the geometry by selecting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-15 José Tomás Gálvez Ghersi , Michael J. Desrochers , Mason Protter , Andrew DeBenedictis

The focus of this article is on a modification of General Relativity (GR) governed by a dynamical scalar field. The latter is able to acquire a nonzero spacetime-dependent vacuum expectation value, which gives rise to a spontaneous…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-31 João Victor V. Santos , Marco Schreck

In the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity, Einstein's equation is replaced by a set of four constraints. Classically, the constraints can be identified with the generators of the hypersurface-deformation Lie algebroid (HDA) that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-08 Martin Bojowald , Suddhasattwa Brahma , Umut Buyukcam , Michele Ronco

A number of arguments at the interplay of general relativity and quantum theory suggest an operational limit to spatial resolution, conventionally modelled as a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). Recently, it has been demonstrated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-25 Pasquale Bosso , Giuseppe Fabiano , Domenico Frattulillo , Fabian Wagner

The classical Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action for general relativity (GR) is shown to be formally analogous to the classical system with position-dependent mass (PDM) models. The analogy is developed and used to build the covariant classical…

General Physics · Physics 2021-08-16 Davood Momeni

We write down a quantum gravity equation which generalizes the Wheeler-DeWitt one in view of including a time dependence in the wave functional. The obtained equation provides a consistent canonical quantization of the 3-geometries…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Giovanni Montani

Different routes towards the canonical formulation of a classical theory result in different canonically equivalent Hamiltonians, while their quantum counterparts are related through appropriate unitary transformation. However, for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-29 Abhik Kumar Sanyal

A canonical transformation is performed on the phase space of a number of homogeneous cosmologies to simplify the form of the scalar (or, Hamiltonian) constraint. Using the new canonical coordinates, it is then easy to obtain explicit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-10 Abhay Ashtekar , Ranjeet S. Tate , Claes Uggla

We apply the Dirac procedure for constrained systems to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner formalism linearized around the Friedmann-Lemaitre universe. We explain and employ some basic concepts such as Dirac observables, Dirac brackets, gauge-fixing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-30 Przemysław Małkiewicz

This letter describes a novel derivation of general relativity by considering the (non)self-consistency of theories whose Hamiltonians are constraints. The constraints, from Hamilton's equations, generate the evolution, while the evolution,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Niall O Murchadha

I present a review of the Dirac equation in general relativity. Although the generalization of the Dirac equation to a curved spacetime is well known, it is not usually part of the standard toolkit of techniques known to people working on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-04 Miguel Alcubierre

The Einstein-Cartan theory of gravity can arise from a mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking within the context of pre-geometric gauge theories. In this work, we develop the Hamiltonian analysis of such theories. By making contact with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-05 Andrea Addazi , Salvatore Capozziello , Antonino Marcianò , Giuseppe Meluccio

We show that representations of the group of spacetime diffeomorphism and the Dirac algebra both arise in a phase-space histories version of canonical general relativity. This is the general-relativistic analogue of the novel time structure…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Ntina Savvidou

We study embedding gravity, a modified theory of gravity, in which our space-time is assumed to be a four-dimensional surface in flat ten-dimensional space. Based on a simple geometric idea, this theory can be reformulated as General…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-04 S. A. Paston , T. I. Zaitseva

Given the non-canonical relationship between variables used in the Hamiltonian formulations of the Einstein-Hilbert action (due to Pirani, Schild, Skinner (PSS) and Dirac) and the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) action, and the consequent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 N. Kiriushcheva , P. G. Komorowski , S. V. Kuzmin

For various theories, in particular gauge field theories, the algebraic form of the Hamiltonian simplifies considerably if one writes it in terms of certain complex variables. Also general relativity when written in the new canonical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 Thomas Thiemann

In this work we use generalized deformed gauge groups for investigation of symmetry of general relativity (GR). GR is formulated in generalized reference frames, which are represented by (anholonomic in general case) affine frame fields.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-09 S. E. Samokhvalov

The Hamiltonian structure of General Relativity (GR), for both metric and tetrad gravity in a definite continuous family of space-times, is fully exploited in order to show that: i) the "Hole Argument" can be bypassed by means of a specific…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Luca Lusanna , Massimo Pauri

The general uncertainty principle applied to gravity can be implemented as a set of modified Poisson brackets in the canonical formalism. As such, the theory is not canonical and the resulting equations of motion do not lead to a covariant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-08 Douglas M. Gingrich

General relativity (GR) admits two alternative formulations with the same dynamics attributing the gravitational phenomena to torsion or nonmetricity of the manifold's connection. They lead, respectively, to the teleparallel equivalent of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-16 Maria-Jose Guzman