Related papers: Flow-level Characteristics of Spam and Ham

Cyber-phishing attacks recently became more precise, targeted, and tailored by training data to activate only in the presence of specific information or cues. They are adaptable to a much greater extent than traditional phishing detection.…

Cross-device training is a crucial subfield of federated learning, where the number of clients can reach into the billions. Standard approaches and local methods are prone to issues such as client drift and insensitivity to data…

Online reviews play a crucial role in helping consumers evaluate and compare products and services. However, review hosting sites are often targeted by opinion spamming. In recent years, many such sites have put a great deal of effort in…

Recently, Vietnamese Natural Language Processing has been researched by experts in academic and business. However, the existing papers have been focused only on information classification or extraction from documents. Nowadays, with quickly…

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have become more prominent recently, both in frequency of occurrence, as well as magnitude. Such attacks render key Internet resources unavailable and disrupt its normal operation. It is…

The goal of this work is to systematically extract information from hacker forums, whose information would be in general described as unstructured: the text of a post is not necessarily following any writing rules. By contrast, many…

Spam and phishing remain critical threats in cybersecurity, responsible for nearly 90% of security incidents. As these attacks grow in sophistication, the need for robust defensive mechanisms intensifies. Bayesian spam filters, like the…

The growing sophistication of Business Email Compromise (BEC) and spear phishing attacks poses significant challenges to organizations worldwide. The techniques featured in traditional spam and phishing detection are insufficient due to the…

The threat of phishing attacks in financial systems is continuously growing. Therefore, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access is paramount. This paper discusses the critical need for robust email phishing detection.…

Epidemics occur in all shapes and forms: infections propagating in our sparse sexual networks, rumours and diseases spreading through our much denser social interactions, or viruses circulating on the Internet. With the advent of large…

In the last decade, the use of fast flux technique has become established as a common practice to organise botnets in Fast Flux Service Networks (FFSNs), which are platforms able to sustain illegal online services with very high…

This paper investigates the application of pre-trained large language models (LLMs) for spam email classification using zero-shot prompting. We evaluate the performance of both open-source (Flan-T5) and proprietary LLMs (ChatGPT, GPT-4) on…

With the prevalence of the Internet, online reviews have become a valuable information resource for people. However, the authenticity of online reviews remains a concern, and deceptive reviews have become one of the most urgent network…

The emergence of online services in our daily lives has been accompanied by a range of malicious attempts to trick individuals into performing undesired actions, often to the benefit of the adversary. The most popular medium of these…

Censorship of the Internet is widespread around the world. As access to the web becomes increasingly ubiquitous, filtering of this resource becomes more pervasive. Transparency about specific content that citizens are denied access to is…

Current content filtering and blocking methods are susceptible to various circumvention techniques and are relatively slow in dealing with new threats. This is due to these methods using shallow pattern recognition that is based on regular…

Botnets could autonomously infect, propagate, communicate and coordinate with other members in the botnet, enabling cybercriminals to exploit the cumulative computing and bandwidth of its bots to facilitate cybercrime. Traditional detection…

One of the major and serious threats that the Internet faces today is the vast amounts of data and files which need to be evaluated for potential malicious intent. Malicious software, often referred to as a malware that are designed by…

Recent research shows that colluded malware in different VMs sharing a single physical host may use a resource as a channel to leak critical information. Covert channels employ time or storage characteristics to transmit confidential…

Any network studied in the literature is inevitably just a sampled representative of its real-world analogue. Additionally, network sampling is lately often applied to large networks to allow for their faster and more efficient analysis.…