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Most of the properties of black holes can be mimicked by horizonless compact objects such as gravastars and boson stars. We show that these ultra-compact objects develop a strong ergoregion instability when rapidly spinning. Instability…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Vitor Cardoso , Paolo Pani , Mariano Cadoni , Marco Cavaglia

Ultra-compact, horizonless objects such as gravastars, boson stars, wormholes and superspinars can mimick most of the properties of black holes. Here we show that these "black hole mimickers" will most likely develop a strong ergoregion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-02-16 Paolo Pani , Vitor Cardoso , Mariano Cadoni , Marco Cavaglia

Gravitational-wave astronomy can give us access to the structure of black holes, potentially probing microscopic or even Planckian corrections at the horizon scale, as those predicted by some quantum-gravity models of exotic compact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-07 Elisa Maggio , Paolo Pani , Valeria Ferrari

Viable alternatives to astrophysical black holes include hyper-compact objects without horizon, such as gravastars, boson stars, wormholes and superspinars. The authors have recently shown that typical rapidly-spinning gravastars and boson…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Vitor Cardoso , Paolo Pani , Mariano Cadoni , Marco Cavaglia

Ultracompact objects are self-gravitating systems with a light ring. It was recently suggested that fluctuations in the background of these objects are extremely long-lived and might turn unstable at the nonlinear level, if the object is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-09-05 Vitor Cardoso , Luis C. B. Crispino , Caio F. B. Macedo , Hirotada Okawa , Paolo Pani

We have shown that, as in the case of black holes, an ergosphere itself with no event horizon inside can evaporate spontaneously, giving energy radiation to spatial infinity until the ergoregion disappears. However, the feature of his…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-03 Gungwon Kang

We investigate the ergoregion instability of area-quantized rotating quantum black holes (QBH) under gravitational perturbation. We show that the instability can be avoided in binary systems that include QBHs if the separation between the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-14 Kabir Chakravarti , Rajes Ghosh , Sudipta Sarkar

In this article we show that the, mainly spacetime, w-modes may become unstable in a rotating ultracompact ($R<3M$) relativistic star. We provide results for the axial modes of a rotating star in the slow rotation approximation, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. D. Kokkotas , J. Ruoff , N. Andersson

Spinning horizonless compact objects may be unstable against an 'ergoregion instability'. We investigate this mechanism for electromagnetic perturbations of ultracompact Kerr-like objects with a reflecting surface, extending previous…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-13 Elisa Maggio , Vitor Cardoso , Sam R. Dolan , Paolo Pani

It has been known classically that a star with an ergoregion but no event horizon is unstable to the emission of scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational waves. This classical ergoregion instability is characterized by complex frequency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Gungwon Kang

Motivated by recent results reporting the instability of horizonless objects with stable light rings, we revisit the linearized stability of such structures. In particular, we consider an exterior Kerr spacetime truncated at a surface where…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-16 Zhen Zhong , Vitor Cardoso , Elisa Maggio

We show that minimal boson stars, i.e. boson stars made out of scalar fields without self-interaction, are always classically unstable in 5 space-time dimensions. This is true for the non-rotating as well as rotating case with two equal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-03-23 Yves Brihaye , Betti Hartmann

Four-dimensional, asymptotically flat spacetimes with an ergoregion but no horizon have been shown to be linearly unstable against a superradiant-triggered mechanism. This result has wide implications in the search for astrophysically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-10 Leandro A. Oliveira , Vitor Cardoso , Luís C. B. Crispino

Spacetimes with an ergoregion that is not connected to a horizon are linearly unstable. While the linear regime has been studied in a number of settings, little is known about the nonlinear evolution of this ergoregion instability. Here, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-12 Nils Siemonsen , William E. East

We construct the first dynamically stable ergostars (equilibrium neutron stars that contain an ergoregion) for a compressible, causal equation of state. We demonstrate their stability by evolving both strict and perturbed equilibrium…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-11 Antonios Tsokaros , Milton Ruiz , Lunan Sun , Stuart L. Shapiro , Kōji Uryū

Ultracompact objects with light-rings (LRs) but without an event horizon could mimic black holes (BHs) in their strong gravity phenomenology. But are such objects dynamically viable? Stationary and axisymmetric ultracompact objects that can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-10 Pedro V. P. Cunha , Carlos Herdeiro , Eugen Radu , Nicolas Sanchis-Gual

Superspinars are ultracompact objects whose mass M and angular momentum J violate the Kerr bound (cJ/GM^2>1). Recent studies analyzed the observable consequences of gravitational lensing and accretion around superspinars in astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Paolo Pani , Enrico Barausse , Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso

We show that a generic relativistic membrane with in-plane pressure and surface density having the same sign is unstable with respect to a series of warping mode instabilities with high wave numbers. We also examine the criteria of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-18 Huan Yang , Beatrice Bonga , Zhen Pan

Direct observation of black holes is one of the grand challenges in astronomy. If there are super-compact objects which possess unstable circular orbits of photons, however, it may be difficult to distinguish them from black holes by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Nobuyuki Sakai , Hiromi Saida , Takashi Tamaki

Some exotic compact objects possess evanescent ergosurfaces: timelike submanifolds on which a Killing vector field, which is timelike everywhere else, becomes null. We show that any manifold possessing an evanescent ergosurface but no event…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Joseph Keir
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