Related papers: Karl Pearson's Theoretical Errors and the Advances…
Karl Pearson is the leading figure of XX century statistics. He and his co-workers crafted the core of the theory, methods and language of frequentist or classical statistics -- the prevalent inductive logic of contemporary science.…
Since its introduction by Fisher, the method of hypothesis testing that relies on computing error probabilities has witnessed several developments. Perhaps the most significant development was the seminal contributions of Neyman and Pearson…
R. A. Fisher was one of the greatest scientists of the last century. He made many ground-breaking contributions, so many indeed that it seems almost impossible to list all of them. His revolutionary contributions to the design of…
R. A. Fisher founded modern statistical inference in 1922 and identified its fundamental problems to be: specification, estimation and distribution. Since then the problem of statistical model specification has received scant attention in…
Fisher opened many new areas in Multivariate Analysis, and the one which we will consider is discriminant analysis. Several papers by Fisher and others followed from his seminal paper in 1936 where he coined the name discrimination…
Commonly observed patterns typically follow a few distinct families of probability distributions. Over one hundred years ago, Karl Pearson provided a systematic derivation and classification of the common continuous distributions. His…
Causal inference, as a major research area in statistics and data science, plays a central role across diverse fields such as medicine, economics, education, and the social sciences. Design-based causal inference begins with randomized…
In this talk I will describe the deep influence Planck had on the development of statistical mechanics. At this end I will first outline the theoretical situation of statistical mechanics before Planck. I will then describe his main…
The research on and application of artificial intelligence (AI) has triggered a comprehensive scientific, economic, social and political discussion. Here we argue that statistics, as an interdisciplinary scientific field, plays a…
It will not be an exaggeration to say that R A Fisher is the Albert Einstein of Statistics. He pioneered almost all the main branches of statistics, but it is not as well known that he opened the area of Directional Statistics with his 1953…
Professor Sir Karl Popper (1902-1994) was one of the most influential philosophers of science of the twentieth century, best known for his doctrine of falsifiability. His axiomatic formulation of probability, however, is unknown to current…
Through the use of a system-building approach, an approach that includes finding common ground for the various philosophical paradigms within statistics, Erich L. Lehmann is responsible for much of the synthesis of classical statistical…
This paper tries to tell the story of the general linear model, which saw the light of day 200 years ago, and the assumptions underlying it. We distinguish three principal stages (ignoring earlier more isolated instances). The model was…
Any empirical data can be approximated to one of Pearson distributions using the first four moments of the data (Elderton and Johnson, 1969; Pearson, 1895; Solomon and Stephens, 1978). Thus, Pearson distributions made statistical analysis…
The influence of Alfred Tarski on computer science was indirect but significant in a number of directions and was in certain respects fundamental. Here surveyed is the work of Tarski on the decision procedure for algebra and geometry, the…
Insofar as Sir Karl Raimund Popper's writings deal with political statements, they are evident; yet insofar as they deal with scientific issues, they are misleading. If applied to the concrete implementation of science, such as distribution…
Mathematical population genetics is only one of Kingman's many research interests. Nevertheless, his contribution to this field has been crucial, and moved it in several important new directions. Here we outline some aspects of his work…
Beginning in the 1970s, statistician-cum-logician Per Martin-L\"of wrote a series of papers developing what became Martin-L\"of type theory, realizing a system where the distinction between mathematics and programming disappears. Inspired…
Thousands of experiments are analyzed and papers are published each year involving the statistical analysis of grouped data. While this area of statistics is often perceived -- somewhat naively -- as saturated, several misconceptions still…
This paper revisits a meta-analysis method proposed by Pearson [Biometrika 26 (1934) 425--442] and first used by David [Biometrika 26 (1934) 1--11]. It was thought to be inadmissible for over fifty years, dating back to a paper of Birnbaum…