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The solar corona is much hotter than the photosphere and chromosphere, but the physical mechanism responsible for heating the coronal plasma remains unidentified yet. The thermal microwave emission, which is produced in strong magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-27 Alexey A. Kuznetsov , Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Sergey A. Anfinogentov

Spicules have been proposed as significant contributors to the mass and energy balance of the corona. While previous observations have provided a glimpse of short-lived transient brightenings in the corona that are associated with spicules,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-19 Bart De Pontieu , Ineke De Moortel , Juan Martinez-Sykora , Scott McIntosh

Any successful model of coronal loops must explain a number of observed properties. For warm (~ 1 MK) loops, these include: 1. excess density, 2. flat temperature profile, 3. super-hydrostatic scale height, 4. unstructured intensity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 J. A. Klimchuk , J. T. Karpen , S. K. Antiochos

The light curves of solar coronal loops often peak first in channels associated with higher temperatures and then in those associated with lower. The time delays between the different narrowband EUV channels have been measured for many…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-22 Roberto Lionello , Caroline E. Alexander , Amy R. Winebarger , Jon A. Linker , Zoran Mikić

Context: Flare kernels brighten simultaneously in all SDO/AIA channels making it difficult to determine their temperature structure. IRIS is able to spectrally resolve Fe xxi emission from cold chromospheric brightenings, so can be used to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 D. Li , D. E. Innes , Z. J. Ning

We analyze and model a C5.7 two-ribbon solar flare observed by SDO, Hinode and GOES on 2011 December 26. The flare is made of many loops formed and heated successively over one and half hours, and their footpoints are brightened in the UV…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-04 Chunming Zhu , Jiong Qiu , Dana W. Longcope

Surprisingly few solar coronal loops have been observed simultaneously with TRACE and SOHO/CDS, and even fewer analyses of these loops have been conducted and published. The SOHO Joint Observing Program 146 was designed in part to provide…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 J. T. Schmelz , K. Nasraoui , L. A. Rightmire , J. A. Kimble , G. Del Zanna , J. W. Cirtain , E. E. DeLuca , H. E. Mason

We investigate the thermal properties of a solar flare by the observations of soft X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode and the Atmospheric Image Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/AIA). Our analysis reveals a tenuous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-22 Xiaoyan Xie , Anna Chen , Crisel Suarez , Katharine K. Reeves , Soumya Roy , Christopher S. Moore , Nishu Karna , Joy Velasquez

Transition-region explosive events (EEs) are characterized by non-Gaussian line profiles with enhanced wings at Doppler velocities of 50-150 km/s. They are believed to be the signature of solar phenomena that are one of the main…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Z. Huang , M. S. Madjarska , E. M. Scullion , L. -D. Xia , J. G. Doyle , T. Ray

The High Resolution Imager (HRI_EUV) telescope of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) instrument onboard Solar Orbiter has observed EUV brightenings, so-called campfires, as fine-scale structures at coronal temperatures. The goal of this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-18 Krzysztof Barczynski , Karen A. Meyer , Louise K. Harra , Duncan H. Mackay , Frederic Auchere , David Berghmans

The Airborne Infrared Spectrometer (AIR-Spec) offers an unprecedented opportunity to explore the Near Infra-Red (NIR) wavelength range. It has been flown at two total solar eclipses, in 2017 and 2019. The wavelength range of the much…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 G. Del Zanna , J. Samra , A. Monaghan , C. Madsen , P. Bryans , E. DeLuca , H. Mason , B. Berkey , A. de Wijn , Y. Rivera

We examine the hypothesis that multipolar magnetic fields advected by photospheric granules can contribute heating to the active chromosphere and corona. On 28 September 2020 the GRIS and HiFI+ instruments at the GREGOR telescope obtained…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-14 Philip Judge , Lucia Kleint , Christoph Kuckein

We study plasma flows along selected coronal loops in NOAA Active Region 10926, observed on 3 December 2006 with Hinode's EUV Imaging Spectrograph (EIS). From the shape of the loops traced on intensity images and the Doppler shifts measured…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 P. Syntelis , C. Gontikakis , M. K. Georgoulis , C. E. Alissandrakis , K. Tsinganos

Wide-field EUV telescopes imaging in spectral bands sensitive to 1 MK plasma on the Sun often observe extended ray-like coronal structures stretching radially from active regions to distances of 1.5-2Rsun, which represent the EUV…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-24 F. Goryaev , V. Slemzin , L. Vainshtein , D. R. Williams

A detailed study is presented of the decaying solar active region NOAA 10103 observed with the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer (CDS), the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) and the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (EIT) onboard the Solar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. O. Milligan , P. T. Gallagher , M. Mathioudakis , F. P. Keenan , D. S. Bloomfield

We investigate the scaling properties of the long-range temporal evolution and intermittency of SDO/AIA intensity observations in four solar environments: an active region core, a weak emission region, and two core loops. We use two…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-15 Ana Cristina Cadavid , Yeimy J. Rivera , John K. Lawrence , Damian J. Christian , Peter J. Jennings , A. Franco Rappazzo

The outer atmosphere of the Sun is composed of plasma heated to temperatures well in excess of the visible surface. We investigate short cool and warm (<1 MK) loops seen in the core of an active region to address the role of field-line…

Decayless kink oscillations are omnipresent in the solar atmosphere and a viable candidate for coronal heating. Though there have been extensive studies of decayless oscillations in coronal loops with a few hundred Mm lengths, the…

The Alfv\'en wave energy flux in the corona can be explored using the electron density and velocity amplitude of the waves. The velocity amplitude of Alfv\'en waves can be obtained from the non-thermal velocity of the spectral line…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-03 Girjesh R. Gupta , G. Del Zanna , H. E. Mason

Some of local sources of the slow solar wind can be associated with spectroscopically detected plasma outflows at edges of active regions accompanied with specific signatures in the inner corona. The EUV telescopes (e.g. SPIRIT/CORONAS-F,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-05-03 V. Slemzin , L. Harra , A. Urnov , S. Kuzin , F. Goryaev , D. Berghmans