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Time delay interferometry (TDI) is a post-processing technique used in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) to reduce laser frequency noise by building an equal-arm interferometer via combining time-shifted raw phase measurements.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-06 Olaf Hartwig , Martina Muratore

The LISA mission is the future space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory of the European Space Agency. It is formed by 3 spacecraft exchanging laser beams in order to form multiple real and virtual interferometers. The data streams to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-30 Dam Quang Nam , Yves Lemiere , Antoine Petiteau , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Olaf Hartwig , Joseph Martino , Martin Staab

Space-borne interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, sensitive in the low-frequency (mHz) band, will fly in the next decade. In these detectors, the spacecraft-to-spacecraft light-travel times will necessarily be unequal and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Massimo Tinto , Michele Vallisneri , J. W. Armstrong

Laser frequency noise suppression is a critical requirement for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission to detect gravitational waves. The baseline laser stabilization is achieved using cavity pre-stabilization and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-05 Jobin Thomas Valliyakalayil , Andrew Wade , David Rabeling , Jue Zhang , Daniel Shaddock , Kirk McKenzie

Laser frequency noise (LFN) is the dominant source of noise expected in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission, at $\sim$7 orders of magnitude greater than the typical signal expected from gravitational waves (GWs).…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-13 Jessica Page , Tyson Littenberg

The sensitivity of LISA depends on the suppression of several noise sources; dominant one is laser frequency noise. It has been shown that the six Doppler data streams obtained from three space-crafts can be appropriately time delayed and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Pai , K. Rajesh Nayak , S. V. Dhurandhar , J-Y. Vinet

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a gravitational wave detector in space. It relies on a post-processing technique named time-delay interferometry (TDI) to suppress the overwhelming laser frequency noise by several orders of…

Equal-arm interferometric detectors of gravitational radiation allow phase measurements many orders of magnitude below the intrinsic phase stability of the laser injecting light into their arms. This is because the noise in the laser light…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-25 Massimo Tinto , Sanjeev V. Dhurandhar

The proposed Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is tasked with the detection and characterization of gravitational waves from various sources in the universe. This endeavor is challenged by transient displacement and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 Niklas Houba , Luigi Ferraioli , Domenico Giardini

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) aims to observe gravitational waves in the mHz regime over its 10-year mission time. LISA will operate laser interferometers between three spacecrafts. Each spacecraft will utilize independent…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-03 Kohei Yamamoto , Christoph Vorndamme , Olaf Hartwig , Martin Staab , Thomas S. Schwarze , Gerhard Heinzel

Three spacecraft of LISA/TAIJI mission follow their respective geodesic trajectories, and their interferometric arms are unequal and time-varying due to orbital dynamics. Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is proposed to suppress the laser…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-26 Gang Wang , Wei-Tou Ni

This paper presents a novel method for laser frequency stabilisation in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission by locking a laser to two stable length references - the arms of the interferometer and an on-board optical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-06 Jobin Thomas Valliyakalayil , Andrew J. H. Sutton , Robert E. Spero , Daniel A. Shaddock , Kirk McKenzie

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a future space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector designed to be sensitive to sources radiating in the low frequency regime (0.1 mHz to 1 Hz). LISA's interferometer signals will be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Sourath Ghosh , Josep Sanjuan , Guido Mueller

In the context of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), the laser subsystems exhibit frequency fluctuations that introduce significant levels of noise into the measurements, surpassing the gravitational wave signal by several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-15 Philipp Euringer , Niklas Houba , Gerald Hechenblaikner , Oliver Mandel , Francis Soualle , Walter Fichter

Raw space-based gravitational-wave data like LISA's phase measurements are dominated by laser frequency noise. The standard technique to make this data usable for science is time-delay interferometry (TDI), which cancels laser noise terms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-12 Quentin Baghi , John G. Baker , Jacob Slutsky , James Ira Thorpe

A phase-locking configuration for LISA is proposed that provides a significantly simpler mode of operation. The scheme provides one Sagnac signal readout inherently insensitive to laser frequency noise and optical bench motion for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Daniel A. Shaddock

In early 2024, ESA formally adopted the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) space mission with the aim of measuring gravitational waves emitted in the millihertz range. The constellation employs three spacecraft that exchange laser…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-15 Shivani Harer , Martin Staab , Hubert Halloin

LISA is a proposed space-based laser interferometer detecting gravitational waves by measuring distances between free-floating test masses housed in three satellites in a triangular constellation with laser links in-between. Each satellite…

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is essential for space-based gravitational wave (GW) missions to effectively suppress laser frequency noise and achieve targeting sensitivity. The principle of the TDI is to synthesize multiple laser link…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 Gang Wang

We report on three numerical experiments on the implementation of Time-Delay Interferometry (TDI) for LISA, performed with Synthetic LISA, a C++/Python package that we developed to simulate the LISA science process at the level of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Michele Vallisneri