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Reversible visible watermarking (RVW) is an active copyright protection mechanism. It not only transparently superimposes copyright patterns on specific positions of digital images or video frames to declare the copyright ownership…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Wenfa Qi , Sirui Guo , Wei Hu

This paper presents an application of statistical machine learning to the field of watermarking. We propose a new attack model on additive spread-spectrum watermarking systems. The proposed attack is based on Bayesian statistics. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Ivo Shterev , David Dunson

Nowadays, a popular method used for additive watermarking is wide spread spectrum. It consists in adding a spread signal into the host document. This signal is obtained by the sum of a set of carrier vectors, which are modulated by the bits…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2008-12-01 Gaëtan Le Guelvouit , Stéphane Pateux

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to applications such as question answering and content creation, reliable content attribution has become increasingly important. Watermarking is a promising approach, but most existing methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ya Jiang , Massieh Kordi Boroujeny , Surender Suresh Kumar , Kai Zeng

Watermarking is a commonly used strategy to protect creators' rights to digital images, videos and audio. Recently, watermarking methods have been extended to deep learning models -- in principle, the watermark should be preserved when an…

Although deep neural networks have made tremendous progress in the area of multimedia representation, training neural models requires a large amount of data and time. It is well-known that utilizing trained models as initial weights often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Yuki Nagai , Yusuke Uchida , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

One of the effective methods for the preservation of copyright ownership of digital media is watermarking. Different watermarking techniques try to set a tradeoff between robustness and transparency of the process. In this research work, we…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Maedeh Jamali , Mahnoosh Bagheri , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

Binary codes have been widely used in vision problems as a compact feature representation to achieve both space and time advantages. Various methods have been proposed to learn data-dependent hash functions which map a feature vector to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-10-22 Jie Feng , Wei Liu , Yan Wang

We study the problem of multi-bit watermarking for large language models (LLMs). We introduce a block-autoregressive model inspired by multi-token prediction, in which the encoder has limited non-causal access to token distributions within…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sidong Guo , Tyler Kann , Teodora Baluta , Matthieu R. Bloch

Watermark text spotting in document images can offer access to an often unexplored source of information, providing crucial evidence about a record's scope, audience and sometimes even authenticity. Stemming from the problem of text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Mateusz Krubiński , Stefan Matcovici , Diana Grigore , Daniel Voinea , Alin-Ionut Popa

The indistinguishability of AI-generated content from human text raises challenges in transparency and accountability. While several methods exist to watermark models behind APIs, embedding watermark strategies directly into model weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Fay Elhassan , Niccolò Ajroldi , Antonio Orvieto , Jonas Geiping

Binarization is a well-known image processing task, whose objective is to separate the foreground of an image from the background. One of the many tasks for which it is useful is that of preprocessing document images in order to identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Francisco J. Castellanos , Antonio-Javier Gallego , Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza

Language and vision are processed as two different modal in current work for image captioning. However, recent work on Super Characters method shows the effectiveness of two-dimensional word embedding, which converts text classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Baohua Sun , Lin Yang , Michael Lin , Charles Young , Patrick Dong , Wenhan Zhang , Jason Dong

Deep learning has enabled remarkable progress in binary code analysis. In particular, pre-trained embeddings of assembly code have become a gold standard for solving analysis tasks, such as measuring code similarity or recognizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Alwin Maier , Felix Weissberg , Konrad Rieck

Watermarking the outputs of generative models is a crucial technique for tracing copyright and preventing potential harm from AI-generated content. In this paper, we introduce a novel technique called Tree-Ring Watermarking that robustly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Yuxin Wen , John Kirchenbauer , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Deep neural networks have recently achieved significant progress. Sharing trained models of these deep neural networks is very important in the rapid progress of researching or developing deep neural network systems. At the same time, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Yusuke Uchida , Yuki Nagai , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

We present ImageBind, an approach to learn a joint embedding across six different modalities - images, text, audio, depth, thermal, and IMU data. We show that all combinations of paired data are not necessary to train such a joint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Rohit Girdhar , Alaaeldin El-Nouby , Zhuang Liu , Mannat Singh , Kalyan Vasudev Alwala , Armand Joulin , Ishan Misra

Digital watermarking has shown its effectiveness in protecting multimedia content. However, existing watermarking is predominantly tailored for specific media types, rendering them less effective for the protection of content displayed on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Xiujian Liang , Gaozhi Liu , Yichao Si , Xiaoxiao Hu , Zhenxing Qian

This article shows that any type of binary data can be defined as a collection from codewords of variable length. This feature helps us to define an Injective and surjective function from the suggested codewords to the required codewords.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Parviz Gharehbagheri , Sayeed Hamid Haji Sayeed Javadi , Parvaneh Asghari , Naser Gharehbagheri

Due to a noticeable expansion of document recognition applicability, there is a high demand for recognition on mobile devices. A mobile camera, unlike a scanner, cannot always ensure the absence of various image distortions, therefore the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Olga Petrova , Konstantin Bulatov , Vladimir L. Arlazarov
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