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Bell type inequalities are used to test local realism against quantum theory.In this paper, we consider a two party system with two settings and two possible outcomes on each side, and derive equalities in local theories which are violated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hossein Movahhedian

Joint quantum measurements of non-commuting observables are possible, if one accepts an increase in the measured variances. A necessary condition for a joint measurement to be possible is that a joint probability distribution exists for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Wonmin Son , Erika Andersson , Stephem M. Barnett , M. S. Kim

Quantum violation of Bell inequalities is now used in many quantum information applications and it is important to analyze it both quantitatively and conceptually. In the present paper, we analyze violation of multipartite Bell inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-28 Elena R. Loubenets

For a multipartite quantum state, the maximal violation of all Bell inequalities constitutes a measure of its nonlocality [Loubenets, J. Math. Phys. 53, 022201 (2012)]. In the present article, for the maximal violation of Bell inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Elena R. Loubenets , Min Namkung

Based on Clauser-Horner-Shimony-Holt inequality, we show a fruitful method to exploit Bell inequalities for multipartite qubit systems. These Bell inequalities are designed with a simpler architecture tailored to experimental demonstration.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-02 Ying-Qiu He , Dong Ding , Feng-Li Yan , Ting Gao

A systematic approach is presented to construct non-homogeneous two- and three-qubit Bell-type inequalities. When projector-like terms are subtracted from homogeneous two-qubit CHSH polynomial, non-homogeneous inequalities are attained and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-22 Mingjun Shi , Changliang Ren , Jiangfeng Du

Quantum non-locality is an important concept in quantum physics. In this work, we study the quantum non-locality in a fermion many-body system under quasi-periodic disorders. The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-10-08 Yoshihito Kuno

We introduce a permutationally invariant multipartite Bell inequality for many-body three-level systems and use it to investigate a connection between Bell nonlocality and (lack of) quantum chaos. An associated Bell operator is then defined…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Albert Aloy , Guillem Müller-Rigat , Maciej Lewenstein , Jordi Tura , Matteo Fadel

We discuss the connection between the incompatibility of quantum measurements, as captured by the notion of joint measurability, and the violation of Bell inequalities. Specifically, we present explicitly a given a set of non jointly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-02 Flavien Hirsch , Marco Túlio Quintino , Nicolas Brunner

We study the nonlocality of arbitrary dimensional bipartite quantum states. By computing the maximal violation of a set of multi-setting Bell inequalities, an analytical and computable lower bound has been derived for general two-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-04 Ming Li , Tinggui Zhang , Bobo Hua , Shao-Ming Fei , Xianqing Li-Jost

Imperfect detection efficiency remains one of the major obstacles in achieving loophole-free Bell tests over long distances. At the same time, the challenge of establishing a common reference frame for measurements becomes more pronounced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Paweł Cieśliński , Tamás Vértesi , Mateusz Kowalczyk , Wiesław Laskowski

Bell nonlocality provides a device-independent (DI) way to certify quantum randomness, based on which true random numbers can be extracted from the observed correlations without detail characterizations on devices for quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Shuai Zhao , Rong Wang , Qi Zhao

Cluster states are a new type of multiqubit entangled states with entanglement properties exceptionally well suited for quantum computation. In the present work, we experimentally demonstrate that correlations in a four-qubit linear cluster…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Philip Walther , Markus Aspelmeyer , Kevin J. Resch , Anton Zeilinger

We show that violation of genuine multipartite Bell inequalities can be obtained with sampled, probabilistic phase space methods. These genuine Bell violations cannot be replicated if any part of the system is described by a local hidden…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-23 Margaret D. Reid , Bogdan Opanchuk , Laura Rosales-Zárate , Peter D. Drummond

Entanglement and its consequences - in particular the violation of Bell inequalities, which defies our concepts of realism and locality - have been proven to play key roles in Nature by many experiments for various quantum systems.…

Violation of Mermin's and Svetlichny's inequalities can rule out the predictions of local hidden variable theory and can confirm the existence of true nonlocal correlation for n-particle pure quantum systems. Here we demonstrate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-28 Manoranjan Swain , Amit Rai , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

In the analysis of experiments designed to reveal violation of Bell-type inequalities, it is usually assumed that any hidden variables associated with the nth particle pair would be independent of measurement choices and outcomes for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jonathan Barrett , Daniel Collins , Lucien Hardy , Adrian Kent , Sandu Popescu

Bell's theorem states that some predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be reproduced by a local-realist theory. That conflict is expressed by Bell's inequality, which is usually derived under the assumption that there are no statistical…

Certifying maximal quantum randomness without assumptions about system dimension remains a pivotal challenge for secure communication and foundational studies. Here, we introduce a generalized framework to directly certify maximal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Tianqi Zheng , Yi Li , Yu Xiang , Qiongyi He

Bell's theorem states that quantum mechanical description on physical quantity cannot be fully explained by local realistic theories, and lays solid basis for various quantum information applications. Hardy's paradox is celebrated to be the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-09 Si-Ran Zhao , Shuai Zhao , Hai-Hao Dong , Wen-Zhao Liu , Jing-Ling Chen , Kai Chen , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan