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In this note, we verify the classification of local geometries given by A.Z. Petrov. First, we determine criteria for identifying a given 3D Lorentz homogeneous space in Petrov's classification. Then, we identify all inequivalent 1D…

This work concerns the non-flat metrics on the Heisenberg Lie group of dimension three $\Heis_3(\RR)$ and the bi-invariant metrics on the solvable Lie groups of dimension four. On $\Heis_3(\RR)$ we prove that the property of the metric…

In metric geometry, the question of whether a distance metric is given by the length of curves can be decided via the existence of midpoints with respect to the metric $d$. We adapt a similar characterization to the setting of Lorentzian…

We classify Einstein metrics on $\mathbb{R}^4$ invariant under a four-dimensional group of isometries including a principal action of the Heisenberg group. The metrics are either Ricci-flat or of negative Ricci curvature. We show that all…

We consider the three-dimensional Heisenberg group, equipped with any left-invariant metric, either Lorentzian or Riemannian. We completely classify their affine vector fields and investigate their relationship with Killing vector fields…

We investigate the geometry of a twisting non-shearing congruence of null geodesics on a conformal manifold of even dimension greater than four and Lorentzian signature. We give a necessary and sufficient condition on the Weyl tensor for…

We investigate the local geometry of a pair of independent contact structures on 3-manifolds under maps that independently preserve each contact structure. We discover that such maps are homotheties on the contact 1-forms and we discover…

We consider integrable systems that are connected with orthogonal separation of variables in complex Riemannian spaces of constant curvature. An isomorphism with the hyperbolic Gaudin magnet, previously pointed out by one of us, extends to…

Third-order symmetric Lorentzian manifolds, i.e. Lorentzian manifold with zero third derivative of the curvature tensor, are classified. These manifolds are exhausted by a special type of pp-waves, they generalize Cahen-Wallach spaces and…

Finite-order invariants of knots in arbitrary 3-manifolds (including non-orientable ones) are constructed and studied by methods of the topology of discriminant sets. Obstructions to the integrability of admissible weight systems to…

We discuss contact invariant structures on the space of solutions of a third-order ordinary differential equation. Associated to any third-order differential equation modulo contact transformations, Chern introduced a degenerate conformal…

We focus on the classical open problem of the classification of K\"ahler-Einstein manifolds that can be K\"ahler immersed into a complex projective space endowed with the Fubini-Study metric. In particular, we will deal with such problem in…

Congruences, or $2$-parameter families of lines in $3$-space are of interest in many situations, in particular in geometric optics. In this paper we consider elements of their geometry which are invariant under affine changes of…

For each connected and simply connected three-dimensional non-unimodular Lie group, we classify the left invariant Lorentzian metrics up to automorphism, and study the extent to which curvature can be altered by a change of metric. Thereby…

Due to Janet-Cartan's theorem, any analytic Riemannian manifolds can be locally isometrically embedded into a sufficiently high dimensional Euclidean space. However, for an individual Riemannian manifold (M,g), it is in general hard to…

We develop the theory of left-invariant generalized pseudo-Riemannian metrics on Lie groups. Such a metric accompanied by a choice of left-invariant divergence operator gives rise to a Ricci curvature tensor and we study the corresponding…

An invariant of three-dimensional orientable manifolds is built on the base of a solution of pentagon equation expressed in terms of metric characteristics of Euclidean tetrahedra.

We study curvature properties of four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold with two-symmetry property. We then consider Einstein-like metrics, Ricci solitons and homogeneity over these spaces.

We find geometric conditions on a four-dimensional Hermitian manifold endowed with a metric connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion under which the complex structure is a harmonic map from the manifold into its twistor space…

Let (M,g) be an oriented Lorentzian 4-manifold, and consider the space S of oriented, unparameterized time-like 2-surfaces in M (string world-sheets) with fixed boundary conditions. Then the infinite-dimensional manifold S carries a natural…