Related papers: Radiation damage in biological material: electroni…
It has been reported that damage of genome in a living cell by ionizing radiation is about one-third direct and two-thirds indirect. The former which has been introduced in our last paper, concerns direct energy deposition and ionizing…
A component which suffers radiation damage usually also becomes radioactive, since the source of activation and radiation damage is the interaction of the material with particles from an accelerator or with reaction products. However, the…
Structural studies of biological macromolecules are severely limited by radiation damage. Traditional crystallography curbs the effects of damage by spreading damage over many copies of the molecule of interest. X-ray lasers, such as the…
Proposals to determine biomolecular structures from diffraction experiments using femtosecond X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses involve a conflict between the incident brightness required to achieve diffraction-limited atomic…
It has long been known that radiation biology plays an important role and it is necessary for radiotherapy treatments. The radiation effects on normal and malignant tissues after exposure range from a femtosecond to months and years…
In our last paper, we have reported the direct interact between energetic ions and DNA, and its components, pointing out that damage to DNA is actually of highest biological consequence, as the integrity of DNA sequence is essential for…
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the complex damage of DNA irradiated by ions. The analysis and assessment of complex damage is important because cells in which it occurs are less likely to survive because the DNA repair mechanisms…
Serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography (SFX) captures the structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules at high spatial and temporal resolutions. The ultrashort pulse produced by an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) 'outruns' much of…
Electronic excitations and ionisations produced by electron impact are key processes in the radiation-induced damage mechanisms in materials of biological relevance, underlying important medical and technological applications, including…
The multiscale approach to the assessment of biodamage resulting upon irradiation of biological media with ions is reviewed, explained and compared to other approaches. The processes of ion propagation in the medium concurrent with…
The passage of energetic ions through tissue initiates a series of physico-chemical events, which lead to biodamage. The study of this scenario using a multiscale approach brought about the theoretical prediction of shock waves initiated by…
The pattern of radiation energy deposition in substances at the microscopic level of lattice, molecule size, or the cell's nucleus is not uniform. The energy of radiation is transferred to the substance medium in the form of discrete,…
The highly energetic electrons in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) can alter or even completely destroy the structure of samples before sufficient information can be obtained. This is especially problematic in the case of zeolites,…
The transport of reactive species brought about by ions traversing tissue-like medium is analysed analytically. Secondary electrons ejected by ions are capable of ionizing other molecules; the transport of these generations of electrons is…
Secondary electron cascades can induce significant ionisation in condensed matter due to electron-atom collisions. This is of interest in the context of diffraction and imaging using X-rays, where radiation damage is the main limiting…
Understanding and predicting a material's performance in response to high-energy radiation damage, as well as designing future materials to be used in intense radiation environments, requires the knowledge of the structure, morphology and…
We propose an inclusive approach for calculating characteristics of secondary electrons produced by ions/protons in tissue-like media. This approach is based on an analysis of the projectile's interaction with the medium on the microscopic…
Secondary electron cascades are responsible for significant ionizations in macroscopic samples during irradiation with X-rays. A quantitative analysis of these cascades is needed, e.g. for assessing damage in optical components at X-ray…
Gamma ray bursts (GBRs) are a class of highly energetic explosions emitting radiation in a very short timescale of a few seconds and with a very narrow opening angle. Although, all GRBs observed so far are extragalactic in origin, there is…
Radiation damage is considered to be the major problem that still prevents imaging an individual biological molecule for structural analysis. So far, all known mapping techniques using sufficient short wave-length radiation, be it X-rays or…