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In this paper we adopt a geometric point of view regarding a famous conjecture due to Littlewood in diophantine approximation of real numbers. Following the spirit of the geometric theory of continued fractions, we give a sufficient…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-14 Youssef Lazar

The study of several naturally arising "nearest neighbours" random walks benefits from the study of the associated orthogonal polynomials and their orthogonality measure. I consider extensions of this approach to a larger class of random…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 F. Alberto Grunbaum

There are abundant results on Diophantine approximation over fields of positive characteristic (see the survey papers [13, 25]), but there is very little information about simultaneous approximation. In this paper, we develop a technique of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-13 Zhiyong Zheng

In this paper we discuss about properties of lattices and its application in theoretical and algorithmic number theory. This result of Minkowski regarding the lattices initiated the subject of Geometry of Numbers, which uses geometry to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Sourangshu Ghosh

This study investigates the potential for biological systems to be governed by a variational principle, suggesting that such systems may evolve to minimize or optimize specific quantities. To explore this idea, we focus on identifying…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-27 Andronikos Paliathanasis , Kevin Duffy

We discuss a selection of recent developments in arithmetic combinatorics having to do with ``approximate algebraic structure'' together with some of their applications.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-02 Ben Green

We explore an algorithm for approximating roots of integers, discuss its motivation and derivation, and analyze its convergence rates with varying parameters and inputs. We also perform comparisons with established methods for approximating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-11 William Gerst

We will discuss the link between scientific explanations and probabilities, specially in relationship with statistical mechanics and the derivation of macroscopic laws from microscopic ones.

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-18 Jean Bricmont

We provide new insights into the contact Hamiltonian and Lagrangian formulations of dissipative mechanical systems. In particular, we state a new form of the contact dynamical equations, and we review two recently presented Lagrangian…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 Jordi Gaset , Xavier Gràcia , Miguel C. Muñoz-Lecanda , Xavier Rivas , Narciso Román-Roy

We analyze the convergence rate of various momentum-based optimization algorithms from a dynamical systems point of view. Our analysis exploits fundamental topological properties, such as the continuous dependence of iterates on their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-13 Michael Muehlebach , Michael I. Jordan

This article surveys the burgeoning area at the intersection of dynamical systems theory and algorithms for NP-hard problems. Traditionally, computational complexity and the analysis of non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP)-hard problems…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-12 Tuhin Sahai

We consider logarithmic conformal field theories near a boundary and derive the general form of one and two point functions. We obtain results for arbitrary and two dimensions. Application to two dimensional magnetohydrodynamics is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Moghimi-Araghi , S. Rouhani

These lecture notes present an overview of equilibrium statistical mechanics of classical fluids, with special applications to the structural and thermodynamic properties of systems made of particles interacting via the hard-sphere…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-06-24 Andrés Santos

Interface dynamics in two-dimensional systems with a maximal number of conservation laws gives an accurate theoretical model for many physical processes, from the hydrodynamics of immiscible, viscous flows (zero surface-tension limit of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-07-17 Ferenc Balogh , Razvan Teodorescu

The fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems are under intense theoretical and experimental investigation. Topical ``fluctuation relations'' describe symmetries of the statistical properties of certain observables, in a variety of models and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-08 Lamberto Rondoni , Carlos Mejia-Monasterio

This work belongs to the framework of inverse problems with linear model. The resolution of this type of problem consists in minimizing (possibly under constraints) a function of discrepancy between the measurements and a physical model of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Henri Lantéri

We discuss the problem of finding optimal exponents in Diophantine estimates involving one real number and, in some cases where such an exponent is known, present some properties of the corresponding extremal numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Damien Roy

A classical and a relativistic law of motion for an advancing shell are deduced applying the thin layer approximation. A new parameter connected with the quantity of absorbed matter in the expansion is introduced; this allows of matching…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-11-04 L. Zaninetti

In these notes we collect some results from several of the authors' works in order to make available a single source and show how the approximate geometric methods for regulation have been developed, and how the control design strategy has…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Eugenio Aulisa , David S. Gilliam

We review the statistical mechanics approach to the study of the emerging collective behavior of systems of heterogeneous interacting agents. The general framework is presented through examples is such contexts as ecosystem dynamics and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrea De Martino , Matteo Marsili