Related papers: Origin and evolution of the genetic code: The univ…
The ratios of the codon usage in the quartets and sextets for the vertebrate series exhibit a correlated behaviour which fits naturally in the framework of the crystal basis model of the genetic code. Moreover the observed universal…
The main statistical distributions applicable to the analysis of genome architecture and genome tracks are briefly discussed and critically assessed. Although the observed features in distributions of element lengths can be equally well…
Convolutional codes are constructed, designed and analysed using row and/or block structures of unit algebraic schemes. Infinite series of such codes and of codes with specific properties are derived. Properties are shown algebraically and…
One of the basic questions of phylogenomics is how gene function evolves, whether among species or inside gene families. In this chapter, we provide a brief overview of the problems associated with defining gene function in a manner which…
Evolution has fascinated quantitative and physical scientists for decades: how can the random process of mutation, recombination, and duplication of genetic information generate the diversity of life? What determines the rate of evolution?…
The birth of new genes is an important motor of evolutionary innovation. Whereas many new genes arise by gene duplication, others originate at genomic regions that do not contain any gene or gene copy. Some of these newly expressed genes…
The genome is software because it a set of verbal instructions for a programmable computer, the ribosome. The theory of evolution now reads: evolution is the software developer responsible for the existence of the genome. We claim that this…
We wish to minimize the resources used for network coding while achieving the desired throughput in a multicast scenario. We employ evolutionary approaches, based on a genetic algorithm, that avoid the computational complexity that makes…
By introducing the notions of living and dead nodes a new model of random tree evolution with continuous time parameter has been constructed. It is assumed that two random variables, the lifetime and the offspring number of living nodes…
Genetic algorithms are heuristic optimization techniques inspired by Darwinian evolution, which are characterized by successfully finding robust solutions for optimization problems. Here, we propose a subroutine-based quantum genetic…
Convolutional stabilizer codes promise to make quantum communication more reliable with attractive online encoding and decoding algorithms. This paper introduces a new approach to convolutional stabilizer codes based on direct limit…
Darwin's hypothesis that all extant life forms are descendants of a last common ancestor cell and diversification of life forms results from gradual mutation plus natural selection represents a mainstream view that has influenced biology…
Sex chromosomes have independently evolved in species with separate sexes in most lineages across the tree of life. However, the well-accepted canonical model of sex chromosome evolution is not universally supported. There is no single…
This note represents the further progress in understanding the determination of the genetic code by Golden mean (Rakocevic, 1998). Three classes of amino acids that follow from this determination (the 7 "golden" amino acids, 7 of their…
We show that textual analysis of microbial genomes reveal telling footprints of the early evolution of the genomes. The frequencies of word occurrence of random DNA sequences considered as texts in their four nucleotides are expected to…
A simple explanation for the symmetry of the genetic code has been suggested. An alternative to the wobble hypothesis has been proposed. The facts revealed in this study offer a new insight into physical mechanisms of the functioning of the…
Although information theoretic characterizations of human communication have become increasingly popular in linguistics, to date they have largely involved grafting probabilistic constructs onto older ideas about grammar. Similarities…
Studies of coevolution of amino acids within and between proteins have revealed two types of coevolving units: coevolving contacts, which are pairs of amino acids distant along the sequence but in contact in the three-dimensional structure,…
This article introduces a novel binary representation of the canonical genetic code based on both the structural similarities of the nucleotides, as well as the physicochemical properties of the encoded amino acids. Each of the four mRNA…
The sequence of nucleotide bases occurring in an organism's DNA is often regarded as a codescript for its construction. However, information in a DNA sequence can only be regarded as a codescript relative to an operational biochemical…