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Dust trapping in the global pressure bump induced by magnetospheric truncation offers a promising formation mechanism for close-in super-Earths/sub-Neptunes. These planets likely form in evolved protoplanetary discs, where the gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-23 Rixin Li , Yi-Xian Chen , Douglas N. C. Lin

As of today ten circumbinary planets orbiting solar type main sequence stars have been discovered. Nearly all of them orbit around the central binary very closely to the region of instability where it is difficult to form them in situ. It…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-10 Wilhelm Kley , Daniel Thun , Anna B. T. Penzlin

We investigate under what circumstances an embedded planet in a protoplanetary disc may sculpt the dust distribution such that it observationally presents as a `transition' disc. We concern ourselves with `transition' discs that have large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 James E. Owen

Planet formation encompasses processes that span a remarkable 40 magnitudes in mass, ranging from collisions between micron-sized grains inherited from the ISM to the accretion of gas by giant planets. The planet formation process takes…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-18 Chris Ormel

The truncation of stellar discs is not abrupt but characterized by a continuous distancing from the exponential profile. There exists a truncation curve, $t(r)$, ending at a truncation radius, $r_t$. We present here a theoretical model in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Battaner , E. Florido , J. Jimenez-Vicente

Identification of the main planet formation site is fundamental to understanding how planets form and migrate to the current locations. We consider the heavy-element content trend of observed exoplanets derived from improved measurements of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-29 Yasuhiro Hasegawa , Bradley M. S. Hansen , Gautam Vasisht

The mechanisms of planet formation are still under debate. We know little about how planets form, even if more than 4000 exoplanets have been detected to date. Recent investigations target the cot of newly born planets: the protoplanetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 A. Zurlo , G. Cugno , M. Montesinos , H. Canovas , S. Casassus , V. Christiaens , L. Cieza , N. Huelamo , S. Perez

A well-known bottleneck for the core-accretion model of giant-planet formation is the loss of the cores into the star by Type-I migration, due to the tidal interactions with the gas disk. It has been shown that a steep surface-density…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Alessandro Morbidelli , Aurelien Crida , Frederic Masset , Richard P. Nelson

The presence of radial truncations in stellar disks is reviewed. There is ample evidence that many disk galaxies have relatively shaprt truncations in their disks. These often are symmetric and independent of the wavelength band of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. C. van der Kruit

We explore planet formation in binary systems around the central star where the protoplanetary disk plane is highly inclined with respect to the companion star orbit. This might be the most frequent scenario for binary separations larger…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 F. Marzari , P. Thebault , H. Scholl

Protoplanetary disk evolution exhibits trends with stellar mass, but also diversity of structure, and lifetime, with implications for planet formation and demographics. We show how varied outcomes can result from evolving structures in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-30 Eric Gaidos , Lukas Gehrig , Manuel Güdel

We argue that gravitational instability of typical protostellar disks is not a viable mechanism for the fragmentation into multiple systems -- binary stars, brown dwarf companions, or gas giant planets -- except at periods above roughly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Christopher D. Matzner , Yuri Levin

We present mock observations of forming planets with ALMA. The possible detections of circumplanetary disks (CPDs) were investigated around planets of Saturn, 1, 3, 5, and 10 Jupiter-masses that are placed at 5.2 AU from their star. The…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-27 J. Szulágyi , G. van der Plas , M. R. Meyer , A. Pohl , S. P. Quanz , L. Mayer , S. Daemgen , V. Tamburello

I examine the standard model of planet formation, including pebble accretion, using numerical simulations. Planetary embryos large enough to become giant planets do not form beyond the ice line within a typical disk lifetime unless icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 J. E. Chambers

The formation of a circumplanetary disk and accretion of angular momentum onto a protoplanetary system are investigated using 3D hydrodynamical simulations. The local region around a protoplanet in a protoplanetary disk is considered with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-10-16 Masahiro N. Machida

We present the first results from our Keck program investigating the orbital architectures of planet-hosting multiple star systems. Kepler-444 is a metal-poor triple star system that hosts five sub-Earth-sized planets orbiting the primary…

Measured disk masses seem to be too low to form the observed population of planetary systems. In this context, we develop a population synthesis code in the pebble accretion scenario, to analyse the disk mass dependence on planet formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-07 Spandan Dash , Yamila Miguel

The past decade has seen a revolution in our understanding of protoplanetary disk evolution and planet formation in single star systems. However, the majority of solar-type stars form in binary systems, so the impact of binary companions on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Adam L. Kraus , Michael J. Ireland , Lynne A. Hillenbrand , Frantz Martinache

Binary stars are as common as single stars. The number of detected planets orbiting binaries is rapidly increasing thanks to the synergy between transit surveys, Gaia and high-resolution direct imaging campaigns. However, global planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-01 Julia Venturini , Arianna Nigioni , Maria Paula Ronco , Natacha Jungo , Alexandre Emsenhuber

Resolved dust continuum and CO line ALMA imaging, and in some cases detection of H$\alpha$ emission, hint that young massive planets are abundant at wide separations in protoplanetary discs. Here, we show how these observations can probe…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-13 Sergei Nayakshin , Vardan Elbakyan , Giovanni Rosotti
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