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An increasing number of ambiguous nuclear transients, including some extreme nuclear transients with very shallow light-curve declines and weak AGN activity in their host galaxies, have been reported. Stars form in or are captured by AGN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-27 Xiangli Lei , Qingwen Wu , Ya-Ping Li , Wei-Hua Lei

Galaxy mergers produce supermassive black hole binaries, which emit gravitational waves prior to their coalescence. We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to study the tidal disruption of stars by such a binary in the final…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-18 Kimitake Hayasaki , Abraham Loeb

MAXI J1820+070, a black hole candidate first detected in early March 2018, was observed by XMM-Newton during the outburst rise. In this letter we report on the spectral and timing analysis of the XMM-Newton X-ray and UV data, as well as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-06-18 J. J. E. Kajava , S. E. Motta , A. Sanna , A. Veledina , M. Del Santo , A. Segreto

The proximity and duration of the tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-14li led to the discovery of narrow, blue-shifted absorption lines in X-rays and UV. The gas seen in X-ray absorption is consistent with bound material close to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-23 J. M. Miller , B. Mockler , E. Ramirez-Ruiz , P. A. Draghis , J. J. Drake , J. Raymond , M. T. Reynolds , X. Xiang , S. -B. Yun , A. Zoghbi

CSS100217 is considered a peculiar tidal disruption event (TDE) candidate occurring in an active galactic nucleus (AGN). Unlike typical TDEs, where the post-flare luminosity is equal to that pre-flare, CSS100217 decayed to $\sim$ 0.4…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-01 Ying Gu , Xiao Li , Xing-Qian Cheng , Dou-Dou Wang , Xue-Guang Zhang , En-Wei Liang

Observational evidence suggests that the majority of stars may have been born in stellar clusters or associations. Within these dense environments, dynamical interactions lead to high rates of close stellar encounters. A variety of recent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-28 Kyle Kremer , Wenbin Lu , Anthony L. Piro , Sourav Chatterjee , Frederic A. Rasio , Claire S. Ye

Tidal disruption events (TDEs), which occur when stars enter the tidal radii of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and are subsequently torn apart by their tidal forces, represent intriguing phenomena that stimulate growing research interest…

A black hole (BH) can tear apart a star that ventures within its tidal radius, producing a luminous flare as the stellar debris falls back, known as a tidal disruption event (TDE). While TDEs in quiescent galaxies are relatively well…

The black hole of an active galactic nucleus is encircled by an accretion disk. The surface density of the disk is always too low to affect the tidal disruption of a star, but it can be high enough that a vigorous interaction results when…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-11-03 Chi-Ho Chan , Tsvi Piran , Julian H. Krolik

While gas accretion onto some massive black holes (MBHs) at the centers of galaxies actively powers luminous emission, the vast majority of MBHs are considered dormant. Occasionally, a star passing too near a MBH is torn apart by…

Tidal Disruption Events are exotic astrophysical phenomena where matter from a star or the interstellar medium is captured by a supermassive black hole. The process liberates enormous energy, within a few months to a year timescale, enough…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-08 Arka Chatterjee , Kimitake Hayasaki , Prantik Nandi , Neeraj Kumari , Skye R. Heiland , Arghajit Jana , Sachindra Naik , Samar Safi-Harb

About a hundred tidal disruption events (TDEs) have been observed and they exhibit a wide range of emission properties both at peak and over their lifetimes. Some TDEs peak predominantly at X-ray energies while others radiate chiefly at UV…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-05 Lars Lund Thomsen , Tom Kwan , Lixin Dai , Samantha Wu , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

A tidal disruption event (TDE) occurs when a star is destroyed by the strong tidal shear of a massive black hole (MBH). The accumulation of TDE observations over the last years has revealed that post-starburst galaxies are significantly…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-02-15 Elisa Bortolas

Gravitational waves from neutron star-black hole (NSBH) mergers that undergo tidal disruption provide a potential avenue to study the equation of state of neutron stars and hence the behaviour of matter at its most extreme densities. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-31 Teagan A. Clarke , Lani Chastain , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

We find that the majority of systems hosting multiple tidal disruptions are likely to contain hard binary SMBH systems, and also show that the rates of these repeated events are high enough to be detected by LSST over its lifetime.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Christopher Wegg , J. Nate Bode

The tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole can result in transient radio emission. The electrons producing these synchrotron radio flares could either be accelerated inside a relativistic jet or externally by shocks…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-04 Dheeraj R. Pasham , Sjoert van Velzen

A large number of tidal disruption event (TDE) candidates have been observed recently, often differing in their observational features. Two classes appear to stand out: X-ray and optical TDEs, the latter featuring lower effective…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-10-12 Clément Bonnerot , Elena M. Rossi , Giuseppe Lodato

Tidal disruption events occur when a star passes too close to a massive black hole and it is totally ripped apart by tidal forces. It may also happen that the star is not close enough to the black hole to be totally disrupted and a less…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-26 S. Campana , D. Mainetti , M. Colpi , G. Lodato , P. D'Avanzo , P. A. Evans , A. Moretti

Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, exhibits frequent short-duration flares with luminosity greater than 1e34 erg/s across multiple wavelengths. The origin of the flares is still unknown. We revisited the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-02 Wen-Han Zhou , Yun Zhang , Jiamu Huang , Douglas N. C. Lin

The disruption of stars by supermassive black holes has been linked to more than a dozen flares in the cores of galaxies out to redshift $z \sim 0.4$. Modeling these flares properly requires a prediction of the rate of mass return to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 James Guillochon , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz