Related papers: Gibbs Paradox and Similarity Principle
An essential role of information in microscopic thermodynamics (e.g. Maxwell's demon) opens a challenging question if there exists a formulation of the second law of thermodynamics based only on pure information ideas. Here, such a…
Information theory is a mathematical theory of learning with deep connections with topics as diverse as artificial intelligence, statistical physics, and biological evolution. Many primers on information theory paint a broad picture with…
The ideal gas laws are derived from the democritian concept of corpuscles moving in vacuum plus a principle of simplicity, namely that these laws are independent of the laws of motion aside from the law of energy conservation. A single…
We study a dynamical system with time dependent Hamiltonian by numerical experiments so as to find a relation between thermodynamics and chaotic nature of the system. Excess information loss, defined newly based on Lyapunov analysis, is…
A principle of information conservation is shown in abstract terms to rule out probabilistic physical laws, necessitating the existence of state trajectories. It furthermore provides a geometric-thermodynamic mechanism for the appearance of…
The thermodynamical entropy of a system which consists of different kinds of ideal gases is known to be defined successfully in the case when the differences are described by classical or quantum theory. Since these theories are special…
Nonequilibrium equalities have attracted considerable interest in the context of statistical mechanics and information thermodynamics. What is remarkable about nonequilibrium equalities is that they apply to rather general nonequilibrium…
In this article, we review a general theoretical framework of thermodynamics of information on the basis of Bayesian networks. This framework can describe a broad class of nonequilibrium dynamics of multiple interacting systems with complex…
We develop an algebraic and information-theoretic framework to characterize symmetry breaking of generalized, non-invertible symmetries in two spatial dimensions. The reduction of symmetry is modeled within subfactor theory, where…
We have recently applied the second law to an isolated system, consisting of a system {\Sigma} such as a glass surrounded by an extremely large medium {\Sigma}, to show that the instantaneous temperature T(t), thermodynamic entropy S(T_0,t)…
To reconstruct thermodynamics based on the microscopic laws is one of the most important unfulfilled goals of statistical physics. Here, we show that the first law and the second law for adiabatic processes are derived from an assumption…
We introduce the concept of {\em information compressibility}, $K_I$, which measures the relative change of number of available microstates of an open system in response to an energy variation. We then prove that at the time in which the…
We present analytical results for the time-dependent information entropy in exactly solvable two-state (qubit) models. The first model describes dephasing (decoherence) in a qubit coupled to a bath of harmonic oscillators. The entropy…
Symmetry shares an entwined history with the structure of physical theory. We propose a consequence of symmetry towards the axiomatic derivation of Hilbert space quantum theory. We introduce the notion of information symmetry (IS) and show…
The irreversible entropy increase described by the second law of thermodynamics is fundamentally tied to thermalization and the emergence of equilibrium. In the first part of our work (Ref: arXiv.2503.04152), we constructed an isolated gas…
We describe the universe as a single entangled ensemble of quantum particles. The total entropy of this world ensemble, which can be expressed as a sum of information, thermodynamic and entanglement components, is assumed to be always zero.…
A colloquial interpretation of entropy is that it is the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of a random experiment. Conditional entropy is then interpreted as the knowledge gained upon learning the outcome of one random experiment…
Even today, the concept of entropy is perceived by many as quite obscure. The main difficulty is analyzed as being fundamentally due to the subjectivity and anthropocentrism of the concept that prevent us to have a sufficient distance to…
Higher-form symmetries act on sub-dimensional spatial manifolds of a quantum system. They can emerge as an exact symmetry at low energies even when they are explicitly broken at the microscopic level, making them difficult to characterize.…
This work presents a general unifying theoretical framework for quantum non-equilibrium systems. It is based on a re-statement of the dynamical problem as one of inferring the distribution of collision events that move a system toward…