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Einstein action of gravity is obtained from a gauge theory, if our spacetime was once in two folds with a double Lorentz symmetry. After the dual symmetry breaks spontaneously, Lorentz symmetry absorbs gauge symmetry, while the gauge field…
We present a formalism to study the metric perturbations of the Schwarzschild spacetime. The formalism is gauge invariant, and it is also covariant under two-dimensional coordinate transformations that leave the angular coordinates…
The classical theory of electrodynamics cannot explain the existence and structure of electric and magnetic dipoles, yet it incorporates such dipoles into its fundamental equations, simply by postulating their existence and properties, just…
We investigate perturbations of a class of spherically symmetric solutions in massive gravity and bi-gravity. The background equations of motion for the particular class of solutions we are interested in reduce to a set of the Einstein…
The Einstein-Maxwell equations in D-dimensions admitting (D-3) commuting Killing vector fields have been investigated. The existence of the electric, magnetic and twist potentials have been proved. The system is formulated as the harmonic…
Starting from a model of an elastic medium, partial differential equations with the form of the coupled Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell equations are derived. The form of these equations describes particles with mass and spin coupled to…
We investigate energy bounds and the stability of stationary asymptotically flat spacetimes with an ergoregion and no future horizon in the context of Einstein-Maxwell-Scalar field models which naturally arise in Kaluza-Klein and String…
A pair of wave equations is presented for the gravitational and electromagnetic perturbations of a charged black hole. One of the equations is uncoupled and determines the propagation of the electromagnetic perturbation. The other is for…
We propose a unified single-field description of the galactic Dark Matter and various uniform scalar fields for the inflation and cosmological constant. The two types of effects could originate from a fluid of both spatially and temporally…
We present a new covariant, gauge-invariant formalism describing linear metric perturbation fields on any spherically symmetric background in general relativity. The advantage of this formalism relies in the fact that it does not require a…
Using the Einstein energy-mass relation and a concept of cross-correlating material unit-fields (pp. 1-148), the quantum equation for united gravitation and electromagnetism is derived (pp. 148-164). The unified equation yields all known…
Inspired by Verlinde's idea, some modified versions of entropic gravity have appeared in the literature. Extending them in a unified formalism, we derive the generalized gravitational equations accordingly. From gravitational equations, the…
We study gravitational waves to first and second order in amplitude in vacuum asymptotically flat spacetimes. The Einstein equations are solved to first order and these solutions are superposed to form a time-symmetric ingoing and then…
The interaction between gravitational and electromagnetic radiation has a rather long research history. It is well known, in particular, that gravity-wave distortions can drive propagating electromagnetic signals. Since forced oscillations…
The theory of gauge-invariant non-spherical metric perturbations of Schwarzschild black hole spacetimes is now well established. Yet, as different notations and conventions have been used throughout the years, the literature on the subject…
The Maxwell integral equations expressing Ampere's and Faraday's laws are shown to be affected by heavy physical approximations. The usual deduction from them, moreover, of the corresponding set of differential Maxwell equations is based,…
In a geometric unified theory there is an energy momentum equation, apart from the field equations and equations of motion. The general relativity Einstein equation with cosmological constant follows from this energy momentum equation for…
One obtains a Maxwell-like structure of gravitation by applying the weak-field approximation to the well accepted theory of general relativity or by extending Newton's laws to time-dependent systems. This splits gravity in two parts, namely…
Uniqueness results are established for time-independent finite-energy electromagnetic fields which solve the nonlinear Maxwell--Born--Infeld equations in boundary-free space under the condition that either the charge or current density…
This is the Part III paper of our series of papers on a gauge-invariant perturbation theory on the Schwarzschild background spacetime. After reviewing our general framework of the gauge-invariant perturbation theory and the proposal on the…