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We present a direct derivation of the typical time derivatives used in a continuum description of complex fluid flows, harnessing the principles of the kinematics of line elements. The evolution of the microstructural conformation tensor in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-12 Howard A. Stone , Michael J. Shelley , Evgeniy Boyko

Observer-invariance is regarded as a minimum requirement for an appropriate definition of time derivatives. We systematically discuss such time derivatives for surface tensor field and provide explicit formulations for material,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Ingo Nitschke , Axel Voigt

A four dimensional treatment of nonrelativistic space-time gives a natural frame to deal with objective time derivatives. In this framework some well known objective time derivatives of continuum mechanics appear as Lie-derivatives. Their…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Matolcsi , P. Van

General equations are derived for slow viscous thin fluid film flows on curved surfaces through an extension of Leal's pedagogical approach, which leaves the characteristic velocity scale unspecified and employs a direct through-thickness…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-25 J. A. Hanna , R. S. Hutton

The concept of objectivity in classical field theories is traditionally based on time dependent Euclidean transformations. In this paper we treat objectivity in a four-dimensional setting, calculate Christoffel symbols of the spacetime…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Matolcsi , P. Van

An alternative method is proposed for deriving the time dependent Schroedinger equation from the pictures of wave and matrix mechanics. The derivation is of a mixed classical quantum character, since time is treated as a classical variable,…

General Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Luca Nanni

In this note we analyze a model for a unidirectional unsteady flow of a viscous incompressible fluid with time dependent viscosity. A possible way to take into account such behaviour is to introduce a memory formalism, including thus the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-04-04 Roberto Garra , Federico Polito

The study rederives the fundamental equations of fluid flow and examines the inherent relationship between momentum conservation and mechanical energy conservation. It is shown that the material derivative of velocity is to depict the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-12-07 Peng Shi

In this paper we investigate the porous medium equation with a fractional temporal derivative. We justify that the resulting equation emerges when we consider the waiting-time (or trapping) phenomenon that can happen in the medium. Our…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-05-20 Łukasz Płociniczak

We consider the line, surface and volume elements of fluid in stationary isotropic incompressible stochastic flow in $d$-dimensional space and investigate the long-time evolution of their statistic properties. We report the discovery of a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-26 A. S. Il'yn , A. V. Kopyev , V. A. Sirota , K. P. Zybin

The fractional material derivative appears as the fractional operator that governs the dynamics of the scaling limits of L\'evy walks - a stochastic process that originates from the famous continuous-time random walks. It is usually defined…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Łukasz Płociniczak , Marek A. Teuerle

We present a unified derivation of covariant time derivatives, which transform as tensors under a time-dependent coordinate change. Such derivatives are essential for formulating physical laws in a frame-independent manner. Three specific…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jean-Luc Thiffeault

We introduce an original approach to geometric calculus in which we define derivatives and integrals on functions which depend on extended bodies in space--that is, paths, surfaces, and volumes etc. Though this theory remains to be fully…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Theodore G. Erler

Analysing an application in liquid film dynamics, a guide for obtaining the corresponding constrained functional derivatives for constraints coupling the functional variables is given. The use of constrained derivatives makes the proper…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-06-01 Tamas Gal

A spacetime outlook on Computational Fluid Dynamics is advocated: models in fluid mechanics often have the spacetime correlation property, which should be inherited and preserved in the corresponding numerical algorithms. Starting from the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-09-09 Jiequan Li

Time-dependent structures often appear in differential geometry, particularly in the study of non-autonomous differential equations on manifolds. One may study the geodesics associated with a time-dependent Riemannian metric by extremizing…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Xavier Gràcia , Xavier Rivas , Daniel Torres

The aim of this tutorial survey is to revisit the basic theory of relaxation processes governed by linear differential equations of fractional order. The fractional derivatives are intended both in the Rieamann-Liouville sense and in the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-05-18 Francesco Mainardi , Rudolf Gorenflo

We address surface gradient flows which allow for energy dissipation by evolving the surface and a scalar quantity on it, simultaneously. A proper choice of the time derivative and the gauge of surface independence guarantees energy…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Rainer Backofen , Ingo Nitschke , Axel Voigt

We consider surface finite elements and a semi-implicit time stepping scheme to simulate fluid deformable surfaces. Such surfaces are modeled by incompressible surface Navier-Stokes equations with bending forces. Here, we consider closed…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-03 Veit Krause , Axel Voigt

Morphodynamic descriptions of fluid deformable surfaces are relevant for a range of biological and soft matter phenomena, spanning materials that can be passive or active, as well as ordered or topological. However, a principled, geometric…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-06-27 Joseph Pollard , Sami Al-Izzi , Richard G. Morris
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