Related papers: Quenched large deviation principle for words in a …
Let $A$ be a transition probability kernel on a finite state space $\Delta^o =\{1, \ldots , d\}$ such that $A(x,y)>0$ for all $x,y \in \Delta^o$. Consider a reinforced chain given as a sequence $\{X_n, \; n \in \mathbb{N}_0\}$ of…
Tandem duplication in DNA is the process of inserting a copy of a segment of DNA adjacent to the original position. Motivated by applications that store data in living organisms, Jain {\em et al.} (2016) proposed the study of codes that…
Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in performing complex multi-step reasoning, yet they continue to struggle with mathematical reasoning, often making systematic errors. A promising solution is reinforcement learning (RL)…
We establish a large deviation principle for the trajectories of Wiener processes subject to random resets to the origin occurring according to a Poisson process. In addition to the pathwise large deviation principle, we identify the rate…
The mismatched distortion-rate problem has remained open since its formulation by Lapidoth in 1997. In this paper, we characterize the mismatched distortion-rate function. Our single-letter solution highlights the adequate conditional…
Markov decision processes (MDPs) with large number of states are of high practical interest. However, conventional algorithms to solve MDP are computationally infeasible in this scenario. Approximate dynamic programming (ADP) methods tackle…
We study an inhomogeneous sparse random graph on [N] = {1, . . . , N } as introduced in a seminal paper by Bollobas, Janson and Riordan (2007): vertices have a type (here in a compact metric space S), and edges between different vertices…
We study an urn process with two urns, initialized with a ball each. Balls are added sequentially, the urn being chosen independently with probability proportional to the $\alpha^{th}$ power $(\alpha >1)$ of the existing number of balls. We…
We consider the probability that a weighted sum of $n$ i.i.d. random variables $X_j$, $j = 1, . . ., n$, with stretched exponential tails is larger than its expectation and determine the rate of its decay, under suitable conditions on the…
Reverse Dictionary (RD) is the task of obtaining the most relevant word or set of words given a textual description or dictionary definition. Effective RD methods have applications in accessibility, translation or writing support systems.…
Long memory or long range dependency is an important phenomenon that may arise in the analysis of time series or spatial data. Most of the definitions of long memory of a stationary process $X=\{X_1, X_2,\cdots,\}$ are based on the…
Sequential word order is important when processing text. Currently, neural networks (NNs) address this by modeling word position using position embeddings. The problem is that position embeddings capture the position of individual words,…
In this paper we introduce a new notion of convergence of sparse graphs which we call Large Deviations or LD-convergence and which is based on the theory of large deviations. The notion is introduced by "decorating" the nodes of the graph…
This work contains two single-letter upper bounds on the entropy rate of a discrete-valued stationary stochastic process, which only depend on second-order statistics, and are primarily suitable for models which consist of relatively large…
We consider a generalization of a one-dimensional stochastic process known in the physical literature as L\'evy-Lorentz gas. The process describes the motion of a particle on the real line in the presence of a random array of marked points,…
Over the last 30 years, extensive work has been devoted to developing central limit theory for partial sums of subordinated long memory linear time series. A much less studied problem, motivated by questions that are ubiquitous in extreme…
The incidence of rare events in fast-slow systems is investigated via analysis of the large deviation principle (LDP) that characterizes the likelihood and pathway of large fluctuations of the slow variables away from their mean behavior --…
We prove existence of the large deviation principle, with a proper convex rate function, for the distribution of the renormalized distance from the origin of a random walk on a free product of finitely generated groups. As a consequence, we…
In this paper, we investigate the concentration properties of cumulative reward in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), focusing on both asymptotic and non-asymptotic settings. We introduce a unified approach to characterize reward…
We extend Goldie's implicit renewal theorem to the arithmetic case, which allows us to determine the tail behavior of the solution of various random fixed point equations. It turns out that the arithmetic and nonarithmetic cases are very…