Related papers: An explanation of the solar transition region
The transition region between the Sun's corona and chromosphere is important to the mass and energy transfer from the lower atmosphere to the corona; consequently, this region has been studied intensely with ultraviolet (UV) and extreme…
Data from recent numerical simulations of the solar corona and transition region are analysed and the magnetic field connection between the low corona and the photosphere is found to be close to that of a potential field. The fieldline to…
The origin of solar transition region redshifts is not completely understood. Current research is addressing this issue by investigating three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic models that extend from the photosphere to the corona. By…
The corona is a layer of hot plasma that surrounds the Sun, traces out its complex magnetic field, and ultimately expands into interplanetary space as the supersonic solar wind. Although much has been learned in recent decades from advances…
The distribution of temperature and emission measure in the stationary heated solar atmosphere was obtained for the limiting cases of slow and fast heating, when either the gas pressure or the concentration are constant throughout the layer…
We consider the effects of the heat balance on the structural stability of a preflare current layer. The problem of small perturbations is solved in the piecewise homogeneous MHD approximation taking into account the viscosity, the…
The hot solar corona exists because of the balance between radiative and conductive cooling and some counteracting heating mechanism which remains one of the major puzzles in solar physics. The coronal thermal equilibrium is perturbed by…
We review the presence and signatures of the non-equilibrium processes, both non-Maxwellian distributions and non-equilibrium ionization, in the solar transition region, corona, solar wind, and flares. Basic properties of the non-Maxwellian…
The physical processes in the solar corona that shape the solar wind remain an active research topic. Modeling efforts have shown that energy and plasma exchanges near the transition region plays a crucial role in modulating solar wind…
Cool, dense material is frequently observed to permeate the hot, tenuous solar corona in the form of prominences, spicules and coronal rain. Both the cool material and surrounding corona exist at temperatures that are effectively thermally…
The Sun's outer atmosphere is heated to temperatures of millions of degrees, and solar plasma flows out into interplanetary space at supersonic speeds. This paper reviews our current understanding of these interrelated problems: coronal…
We develop a three-dimensional kinetic model of the solar transition region and corona in which the plasma above the chromosphere is collisionless and embedded in a uniform magnetic field. Heating occurs intermittently at discrete locations…
The origin of the slow solar wind is still an open issue. It has been suggested that upflows at the edge of active regions (AR) can contribute to the slow solar wind. Here, we compared the upflow region and the AR core and studied how the…
The solar atmosphere shows anomalous variation in temperature, starting from the 5500 K photosphere to the million-degree Kelvin corona. The corona itself expands into the interstellar medium as the free streaming solar wind, which…
Dating back to the first observations of the on-disk corona, there has been a qualitative link between the photosphere's magnetic network and enhanced transition-temperature plasma emission. These observations led to the development of a…
The outer atmosphere of the Sun is composed of plasma heated to temperatures well in excess of the visible surface. We investigate short cool and warm (<1 MK) loops seen in the core of an active region to address the role of field-line…
Transition region (TR) loops are arcade-like features in the solar transition region, with temperatures roughly between $2\times10^4$ K and $6\times10^5$ K. They are a fundamental building block of TR, which are results of the coupling…
Coronal loops are the basic structures of the solar transition region and corona. The understanding of physical mechanism behind the loop heating, plasma flows, and filling are still considered a major challenge in the solar physics. The…
Within the quiet Sun corona imaged at 1 MK, much of the field of view consists of diffuse emission that appears to lack the spatial structuring that is so evident in coronal loops or bright points. We seek to determine if these diffuse…
The impulsive phase of a solar flare is known to generate strong turbulence and to transfer magnetic energy into accelerated electrons. Recognizing the importance of angular diffusion on the dynamics of the accelerated electrons, we extend…