English
Related papers

Related papers: Large-Sample Confidence Intervals for the Treatmen…

200 papers

Confidence intervals for the means of multiple normal populations are often based on a hierarchical normal model. While commonly used interval procedures based on such a model have the nominal coverage rate on average across a population of…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-28 Chaoyu Yu , Peter D. Hoff

When computing a confidence interval for a binomial proportion p one must choose between using an exact interval, which has a coverage probability of at least 1-{\alpha} for all values of p, and a shorter approximate interval, which may…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-11 Måns Thulin

When a clinical trial is subject to a series of interim analyses as a result of which the study may be terminated or modified, final frequentist analyses need to take account of the design used. Failure to do so may result in overstated…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-28 John Whitehead , Yasin Desai , Thomas Jaki

In clinical trials, inferences on clinical outcomes are often made conditional on specific selective processes. For instance, only when a treatment demonstrates a significant effect on the primary outcome, further analysis is conducted to…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-15 Tianyu Pan , Vivek Charu , Ying Lu , Lu Tian

Longitudinal observational patient data can be used to investigate the causal effects of time-varying treatments on time-to-event outcomes. Several methods have been developed for controlling for the time-dependent confounding that…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-08 Ruth H. Keogh , Jon Michael Gran , Shaun R. Seaman , Gwyneth Davies , Stijn Vansteelandt

For toxicology studies, the validation of the concurrent control group by historical control data (HCD) has become requirements. This validation is usually done by historical control limits (HCL), which should cover the observations of the…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-18 Max Menssen , Jonathan Rathjens

Causal inference from observational data requires assumptions. These assumptions range from measuring confounders to identifying instruments. Traditionally, causal inference assumptions have focused on estimation of effects for a single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-04 Rajesh Ranganath , Adler Perotte

This work develops central limit theorems for cross-validation and consistent estimators of its asymptotic variance under weak stability conditions on the learning algorithm. Together, these results provide practical, asymptotically-exact…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-03 Pierre Bayle , Alexandre Bayle , Lucas Janson , Lester Mackey

Standard random-effects meta-analysis methods perform poorly when applied to few studies only. Such settings however are commonly encountered in practice. It is unclear, whether or to what extent small-sample-size behaviour can be improved…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-15 Svenja E. Seide , Christian Röver , Tim Friede

Consider a two-by-two factorial experiment with more than 1 replicate. Suppose that we have uncertain prior information that the two-factor interaction is zero. We describe new simultaneous frequentist confidence intervals for the 4…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-15 Paul Kabaila , Khageswor Giri

We consider the construction of confidence intervals for treatment effects estimated using panel models with interactive fixed effects. We first use the factor-based matrix completion technique proposed by Bai and Ng (2021) to estimate the…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-02-25 Xingyu Li , Yan Shen , Qiankun Zhou

This paper presents methods for meta-analysis of $2 \times 2$ tables, both with and without allowing heterogeneity in the treatment effects. Meta-analysis is common in medical research, but most existing methods are unsuited for $2 \times…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-23 Céline Cunen , Nils Lid Hjort

Consider panel data modelled by a linear random intercept model that includes a time-varying covariate. Suppose that we have uncertain prior information that this covariate is exogenous. We present a new confidence interval for the slope…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-01 Paul Kabaila , Rheanna Mainzer

The determination of the sample size required by a crossover trial typically depends on the specification of one or more variance components. Uncertainty about the value of these parameters at the design stage means that there is often a…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-28 Michael Grayling , Adrian Mander , James Wason

Crossover clinical trials can provide substantial benefits by eliminating inter-patient variation from treatment comparisons and by allowing multiple observations of each patient. They are particularly useful when sample sizes are…

Applications · Statistics 2012-10-24 John N. S. Matthews

Over time, clinical trials have increasingly incorporated complex design and analysis elements such as interim analyses, adaptations, multiple endpoints, and sophisticated multiplicity schemes for multiple endpoints and/or treatment arms…

When a new treatment is considered for use, whether a pharmaceutical drug or a search engine ranking algorithm, a typical question that arises is, will its performance exceed that of the current treatment? The conventional way to answer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-27 Nir Rosenfeld , Yishay Mansour , Elad Yom-Tov

We investigate large-sample properties of treatment effect estimators under unknown interference in randomized experiments. The inferential target is a generalization of the average treatment effect estimand that marginalizes over potential…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-25 Fredrik Sävje , Peter M. Aronow , Michael G. Hudgens

I propose a new type of confidence interval for correct asymptotic inference after using data to select a model of interest without assuming any model is correctly specified. This hybrid confidence interval is constructed by combining…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-25 Adam McCloskey

We propose a doubly robust approach to characterizing treatment effect heterogeneity in observational studies. We develop a frequentist inferential procedure that utilizes posterior distributions for both the propensity score and outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-21 Heejun Shin , Joseph Antonelli