Related papers: Astrophysics of Strange Matter
The phase diagram of a system constituted of neutrons, protons, $\Lambda$-hyperons and electrons is evaluated in the mean-field approximation in the complete three-dimensional space given by the baryon, lepton and strange charge. It is…
This chapter, to appear in the section on QCD under extreme conditions within the Encyclopedia of Nuclear Physics, aims to provide a pedagogical introduction to the physics of quarks and gluons in the presence of high temperature, nonzero…
The past fifty years have seen the emergence of a new field of research in physics, the study of matter at extreme temperatures and densities. The theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), predicts that in this limit,…
Does deconfined cold quark matter occur in nature? This is currently one of the fundamental open questions in nuclear astrophysics. In these proceedings, I review the current state-of-the-art techniques to address this question in a…
An overview of the behavior of materials at high pressure is presented, starting from the effects on single atoms driving electronic transitions and changes in periodic trends. A range of high-pressure-induced phenomena in the solid state…
The large magnetic fields of neutron stars and produced in heavy-ion collisions motivate investigation into the response of strongly-interacting matter to extreme magnetic forces beyond just theoretical interest. Furthermore, the varying…
If there is a first-order phase transition in the light quark region of 2+1-flavor finite temperature and density QCD and if the region of the first-order phase transition expands with increasing density as suggested by several studies,…
We discuss recent progress made studies of bulk thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter through lattice simulations of QCD with an almost physical light and strange quark mass spectrum. We present results on the QCD equation of state…
We review recent progress in studies of bulk thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter, present results on the QCD equation of state and discuss the status of studies of the phase diagram at non-vanishing quark chemical potential.
The transition between the hadronic phase and the quark gluon plasma phase at nonzero temperature and quark chemical potentials is studied within the large-Nc expansion of QCD.
The possibility of strange stars mixed with dark energy to be one of the candidates for dark energy stars is the main issue of the present study. Our investigation shows that quark matter acts as dark energy after a certain yet unknown…
This work discuses the effect of the QCD coupling constant ($\alpha_c$) on various physical properties of compact stars in the framework of the Tolman IV potential admitting the equation of state of MIT bag model with nonzero value of mass…
We give a review of modern theoretical understanding of the problem of thermal phase transition in $QCD$. The existence or non-existence of such transition depends on the nature of the gauge group, the number of light quark flavors , and on…
The status of lattice QCD investigations at high temperature is reviewed. After a short introduction into thermal QCD on the lattice we report on the present understanding of the phase diagram and the equation of state, in particular in…
We extend our work on QCD thermodynamics with 2+1 quark flavors at nonzero chemical potential to finer lattices with $N_t=6$. We study the equation of state and other thermodynamic quantities, such as quark number densities and…
The most important recent results in the theory of phase transitions and quantum effects in quantum anharmonic crystals are presented and discussed. In particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for a phase transition to occur at some…
The finite temperature transition in QCD is studied using Wilson quarks for the cases of $N_F=2$, 3 and 2+1. For $N_F=2$ the transition is smooth in the chiral limit on both $\nt=4$ and 6 lattices. For $N_F=3$, clear two state signals are…
There have been several reports of exotic nuclear fragments, with highly unusual charge to mass ratio, in cosmic ray experiments. Although there exist experimental uncertainties which make them, at best, only candidate "exotic" events, it…
We give a brief review of modern theoretical understanding of the physics of QCD at finite temperature and density. We concentrate in particular on the properties of hadron gas at relatively small temperatures and discuss in details the…
Neutron stars provide a natural laboratory to test some unique implications of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)- the underlying theory of strong interactions- at extreme conditions of very high baryon density. It has been suggested that the…