Related papers: Direct observation of Space Charge Dynamics by pic…
Pump-and-probe photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) with femtosecond pulsed sources opens new perspectives in the investigation of the ultrafast dynamics of physical and chemical processes at the surfaces and interfaces of solids. Nevertheless,…
An experimental and computational investigation of the space-charge effects occurring in ultrafast photoelectron spectroscopy from the gas phase is presented. The target sample CF$_3$I is excited by ultrashort (100 fs) far-ultraviolet…
The toolbox for time-resolved direct measurements of electron dynamics covers a variety of methods. Since the experimental effort is increasing rapidly with achievable time resolution, there is an urge for simple and robust measurement…
The basic properties of atoms, molecules and solids are governed by electron dynamics which take place on extremely short time scales. To measure and control these dynamics therefore requires ultrafast sources of radiation combined with…
We simulate numerically the classical charge dynamics in a microscopic, planar, vacuum diode with a finite emitter area and a finite number of electrons in the gap. We assume electrons are emitted under space-charge limited conditions with…
Analysis of space-charge effects on electron emission typically makes some assumption of continuity and smoothness, whether this is continuity of charge as in the classical derivation of the Child-Langmuir current, or the mean-field…
The space-charge effect, due to the instantaneous emission of many electrons after the absorption of a single photons pulse, causes distortion in the photoelectron energy spectrum. Two calculation methods have been applied to simulate the…
We develop a projection imaging technique to study ultracold plasma dynamics. We image the charged particle spatial distributions by extraction with a high-voltage pulse onto a position-sensitive detector. Measuring the 2D width of the ion…
We report the observation and systematic investigation of the space charge effect and mirror charge effect in photoemission spectroscopy. When pulsed light is incident on a sample, the photoemitted electrons experience energy redistribution…
A one-dimensional (1D) model has been constructed to study the transition of the time-dependent ultrafast laser photo-electron emission from a flat metallic surface to the space charge limited (SCL) current, including the effect of…
Electrons colliding with spatially fixed ions in strong laser fields are investigated by solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation. Considering first simple one-dimensional model systems, the mechanisms and energy spectra of fast…
Understanding and controlling ultrafast non-equilibrium charge carrier dynamics is of fundamental importance in diverse fields of (quantum) science and technology. Here, we create a three-dimensional hot electron gas through two-photon…
Spatial distributions of electrons ionized and scattered from ultra-low pressure gases are proposed and experimentally demonstrated as a method to directly measure the intensity of an ultra-high intensity laser pulse. Analytic models…
The dynamics of electric field generation and radial acceleration of ions by a laser pulse of relativistic intensity propagating in an underdense plasma has been investigated using an one-dimensional electrostatic, ponderomotive model…
Laser accelerators can provide proton beams with unique qualities, such as micron size, picosecond pulse duration and high peak current, and have been demonstrated for various applications and for scientific research purposes. The effect of…
The dynamics of solvated electrons were visualized using absorption imaging with sub-picosecond time resolution based on a pump-probe measurement during the early stages of femtosecond laser-induced plasma generation in water. The solvated…
Surface charging is a phenomenon ubiquitously observable in in-situ transmission electron microscopy of non-conducting specimens as a result of electron beam/sample interactions or optical stimuli and often limits the achievable image…
Femtosecond electron microscopy produces real-space images of matter in a series of ultrafast snapshots. Pulses of electrons self-disperse under space-charge broadening, so without compression, the ideal operation mode is a single electron…
We present direct time- and space- resolved measurements of the electron density of femtosecond laser pulse-induced plasma filaments. The dominant nonlinearity responsible for extended atmospheric filaments is shown to be field-induced…
We demonstrate the generation of Coulomb-correlated pair, triple and quadruple states of free electrons by femtosecond photoemission from a nanoscale field emitter inside a transmission electron microscope. Event-based electron spectroscopy…