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Time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are used in various fields, including high-energy physics. One advantage of implementing TDCs in field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) is the flexibility on the modification of the logics, which is useful…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-01-29 Yuta Sano , Yasuyuki Horii , Masahiro Ikeno , Osamu Sasaki , Makoto Tomoto , Tomohisa Uchida

Adaptive beamforming can lead to substantial improvement in resolution and contrast of ultrasound images over standard delay and sum beamforming. Here we introduce the adaptive time-channel (ATC) beamformer, a data-driven approach that…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-19 Avner Shultzman , Oded Drori , Yonina C. Eldar

For TOF positron emission tomography (TOF PET) detectors, time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are essential to resolve the coincidence time of the photon pairs. Recently, an efficient TDC structure called ring-oscillator-based (RO-based)…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-06-12 Ke Cui , Xiangyu Li , Zongkai Liu , Rihong Zhu

The goal of this thesis was to develop a procedure to optimize the mirror suppression, which reduces the dynamic range of the Fast Fourier Transform spectrometers (FFTS), and implement this procedure in the Field Programmable Gate Array…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-23 Gerrit Grutzeck

Dispersion-based photonics-assisted microwave measurement systems provide immense potential for real-time analysis of wideband and dynamic signals. However, they face two critical challenges: a difficulty in achieving high frequency…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-13 Chi Jiang , Taixia Shi , Hang Yang , Lei Gao , Xianxin Zhang , Yiqing Liu , Yang Chen

Here in this paper we are presenting a digital system background technique for correcting the time offset error rate and gain mismatches in a time interleaved analog to digital converter system for N channel communication using 8 bit…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-25 Rajiv Kumar , Rakesh Gupta

Single photon detector (SPD) has a maximum count rate due to its dead time, which results in that the dynamic range of photon counting optical time-domain reflectometry (PC-OTDR) de-creases with the length of monitored fiber. To further…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-01-08 Bin Li , Guangwei Deng , Ruiming Zhang , Zhonghua Ou , Heng Zhou , Yun Ling , Yunxiang Wang , You Wang , Kun Qiu , Haizhi Song , Qiang Zhou

Time-domain ADCs are attractive for high-speed wireline receivers, as time resolution scales favorably with advanced CMOS technologies, enabling multi-GS/s single-channel sampling rates. However, conventional time-domain ADCs require…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Richard Zeng , Anthony Chan Carusone , Xilin Liu

A 33.6 ps LSB Time-to-Digital converter was designed in 130 nm BiCMOS technology. The core of the converter is a differential 9-stage ring oscillator, based on a multi-path architecture. A novel version of this design is proposed, along…

An ADC is used to convert analog signals into binary signals. Compared with many other types of ADCs, flash converters are incredibly quick. A typical Flash ADC consists of 2n resistors, 2n-1 op-amp comparators, and an encoder which…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Noyon Kumar Sarkar , Moumita Roy , Md. Tariq Hasan

Employing low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) for millimeter wave receivers with large antenna arrays provides opportunity to efficiently reduce power consumption of the receiver. Reducing ADC resolution, however, results in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Jinseok Choi , Gilwon Lee , Ahmed Alkhateeb , Alan Gatherer , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Brian L. Evans

Optical spectrum analysis is the cornerstone of spectroscopic sensing, optical network performance monitoring, and hyperspectral imaging. While conventional high-performance spectrometers used to perform such analysis are often large…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-03-19 Derek M. Kita , Brando Miranda , David Favela , David Bono , Jerome Michon , Hongtao Lin , Tian Gu , Juejun Hu

This work presents a fully-digital high-accuracy real-time calibration procedure for frequency and time alignment of open-loop wirelessly coordinated coherent distributed antenna array (CDA) modems, enabling radio frequency (RF) phase…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Jason M. Merlo , Samuel Wagner , John Lancaster , Jeffrey A. Nanzer

Target parameter estimation in active sensing, and particularly radar signal processing, is a long-standing problem that has been studied extensively. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for target parameter estimation in cases where…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Aria Ameri , Arindam Bose , Jian Li , Mojtaba Soltanalian

Time-digital Converter (TDC) aims to measure the arrival time of the leading edge of the pulse signal. Our recent work presented a high resolution multi-phase TDC based on the Kintex-7 Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device. A simple…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-30 Xue Dong , Cong Ma , Xiaokun Zhao , Xing Li , Zhenqiang Huang

Conventional digitization based on the Shannon-Nyquist method, implemented via analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), faces fundamental limitations. High-dynamic-range (HDR) signals often get clipped or saturated in practice. Given a fixed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-29 Yuliang Zhu , Ayush Bhandari

We introduce a novel direct calibration algorithm to address phase delay, gain, and offset mismatches in Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) time interleaving systems. These mismatches, common in high-speed data acquisition, degrade system…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-27 Chi-kwan Chan , Hina Suzuki , David Forbes , Andrew Thomas West , Arash Roshanineshat , Daniel P. Marrone , Amy Lowitz

Fully Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)based digitizer for high-resolution time and energy measurement is an attractive low cost solution for the readout electronics in positron emission computed tomography (PET)detector. In recent…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-01-07 Cong Ma , Wubin Wang , Xiaokun Zhao , Li Yu , Guocheng Wu

Key parameters of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are their sampling rate and dynamic range. Power consumption and cost of an ADC are directly proportional to the sampling rate; hence, it is desirable to keep it as low as possible. The…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Satish Mulleti , Eliya Reznitskiy , Shlomi Savariego , Moshe Namer , Nimrod Glazer , Yonina C. Eldar

Recent works propose neural network- (NN-) inspired analog-to-digital converters (NNADCs) and demonstrate their great potentials in many emerging applications. These NNADCs often rely on resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Weidong Cao , Liu Ke , Ayan Chakrabarti , Xuan Zhang