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Related papers: The length operator in Loop Quantum Gravity

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We discuss the extension of loop quantum gravity to topspin networks, a proposal which allows topological information to be encoded in spin networks. We will show that this requires minimal changes to the phase space, C*-algebra and Hilbert…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Christopher L. Duston

New results from the new variables/loop representation program of nonperturbative quantum gravity are presented, with a focus on results of Ashtekar, Rovelli and the author which greatly clarify the physical interpretation of the quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Lee Smolin

The ingoing and outgoing null expansions associated to a spatial 2-sphere are quantized in the spherically symmetric model of loop quantum gravity. It is shown that the resulting expansion operators are self-adjoint in the kinematical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-22 Xiaotian Fei , Gaoping Long , Yongge Ma , Cong Zhang

In this article we introduce a new operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. Our construction does not apply to the entire kinematical Hilbert space of loop quantum gravity; instead, the operator…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-02 Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen

Results that illuminate the physical interpretation of states of nonperturbative quantum gravity are obtained using the recently introduced loop variables. It is shown that: i) While local operators such as the metric at a point may not be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-04-20 Abhay Ashtekar , Carlo Rovelli , Lee Smolin

We introduce a new operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. The operator is constructed by writing the Ricci scalar classically as a function of the Ashtekar variables and regularizing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-04 Ilkka Mäkinen

In the last 20 years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. The aim of loop quantum gravity is to construct a mathematically rigorous,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-06-25 Muxin Han

The phenomenology for the deep spatial geometry of loop quantum gravity is discussed. In the context of a simple model of an atom of space, it is shown how purely combinatorial structures can affect observations. The angle operator is used…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Seth A. Major

We introduce a quantum volume operator $K$ in three--dimensional Quantum Gravity by taking into account a symmetrical coupling scheme of three SU(2) angular momenta. The spectrum of $K$ is discrete and defines a complete set of eigenvectors…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Carbone , M. Carfora , A. Marzuoli

Several proposals for Quantum Gravity involve length and area operators with discrete eigenvalues. I show that the analyses of some simple procedures for the measurement of areas and lengths suggest that this discreteness characterizing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

We present a straightforward and self-contained introduction to the basics of the loop approach to quantum gravity, and a derivation of what is arguably its key result, namely the spectral analysis of the area operator. We also discuss the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlo Rovelli , Peush Upadhya

The building blocks of a quantum theory of general relativity are expected to be discrete structures. Loop quantum gravity is formulated using a basis of spin networks (wave functions over oriented graphs with coloured edges), thus…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Jacobo Diaz-Polo , Iñaki Garay

We give a standard introduction to loop quantum gravity, from the ADM variables to spin network states. We include a discussion on quantum geometry on a fixed graph and its relation to a discrete approximation of general relativity.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-09-21 Pietro Doná , Simone Speziale

Quantum states of geometry in loop quantum gravity are defined as spin networks, which are graph dressed with SU(2) representations. A spin network edge carries a half-integer spin, representing basic quanta of area, and the standard…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-04 Etera R. Livine

We introduce squeezed vacua in loop quantum gravity, a new overcomplete basis of states that contain prescribable correlations between geometric operators. We study the behavior of long-range correlations and discuss the relevance of these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-05-19 Eugenio Bianchi , Jonathan Guglielmon , Lucas Hackl , Nelson Yokomizo

Quantum geometry, i.e., the quantum theory of intrinsic and extrinsic spatial geometry, is a cornerstone of loop quantum gravity. Recently, there have been many new ideas in this field, and I will review some of them. In particular, after a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Hanno Sahlmann

We construct in this article a new realization of quantum geometry, which is obtained by quantizing the recently-introduced flux formulation of loop quantum gravity. In this framework, the vacuum is peaked on flat connections, and states…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-18 Benjamin Bahr , Bianca Dittrich , Marc Geiller

Recently, a new class of scalar constraint operators has been introduced in loop quantum gravity. They are defined on a space of solutions to the Gauss constraint and partial solutions to the vector constraint, called a vertex Hilbert…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-03 Marcin Kisielowski

We introduce a master constraint operator $\hat{\mathbf{M}}$ densely defined in the diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space in loop quantum gravity, which corresponds classically to the master constraint in the programme. It is shown that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Muxin Han , Yongge Ma

A spin network is a generalization of a knot or link: a graph embedded in space, with edges labelled by representations of a Lie group, and vertices labelled by intertwining operators. Such objects play an important role in 3-dimensional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-07-27 John C. Baez