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It is predicted that nuclear spin conversion in molecules can be efficiently controlled by strong laser radiation resonant to rovibrational molecular transition. The phenomenon can be used for substantial enrichment of spin isomers, or for…
A practical way to deal with the problem of time in quantum cosmology and quantum gravity is proposed. The main tool is effective equations, which mainly restrict explicit considerations to semiclassical regimes but have the crucial…
Quantum annealing is analogous to simulated annealing with a tunneling mechanism substituting for thermal activation. Its performance has been tested in numerical simulation with mixed conclusions. There is a class of optimization problems…
Quantum information processing rests on our ability to manipulate quantum superpositions through coherent unitary transformations, and to establish entanglement between constituent quantum components of the processor. The quantum…
Metasurfaces mold the flow of classical light waves by engineering sub-wavelength patterns from dielectric or metallic thin films. We describe and analyze a method in which quantum operator-valued reflectivity can be used to control both…
Laser-driven operations are a common approach for engineering one- and two-qubit gates in trapped-ion arrays. Measuring key parameters of these lasers, such as beam sizes, intensities, and polarizations, is central to predicting and…
Quantum shape-phase transitions in finite nuclei are considered in the framework of the interacting boson model. Critical-point Hamiltonians for first- and second-order transitions are identified by resolving them into intrinsic and…
Relativistic, scalar particles are considered, contained in a box with periodic boundary conditions. Although interactions are not expected to be a fundamental problem, we concentrate on free particles. By considering them to be harmonic…
Most quantum theorists are familiar with different ways of describing the effective quantum dynamics of a system coupled to external degrees of freedom, such as the Born-Markov master equation or the adiabatic elimination. Understanding the…
The direct interaction of nuclei with super-intense laser fields is studied. We show that present and upcoming high-frequency laser facilities, especially together with a moderate acceleration of the target nuclei, do allow for resonant…
Optics and interferometry with matter waves is the art of coherently manipulating the translational motion of particles like neutrons, atoms and molecules. Coherent atom optics is an extension of techniques that were developed for…
Atomic vapors, manipulated and probed by light and other electromagnetic fields, constitute versatile and powerful quantum systems for sensing applications. Atoms are identical, isolatable, interfaceable, and intelligible. These features,…
We revisit the interaction of a first-quantized atomic system (consisting of two charged quantum particles) with the quantum electromagnetic field, pointing out the subtleties related to the gauge nature of electromagnetism and the effect…
Starting from the von Neumann equation, we construct the quantum evolution equation for the effective action for systems in mixed states. This allows us to find the hierarchy of equations which describe the time evolution of equal time…
Area preserving maps provide the simplest and most accurate means to visualize and quantify the behavior of nonlinear systems. Convenience of the mapping equations of motion for investigation of transition to chaotic behavior in dynamics of…
For several years, students visit us on different occasions at the university. But how to bridge from the school curriculum to the contents of the university mathematics? And how to find a focal point at which an active contribute, despite…
We review novel methods to investigate, control and manipulate neutral atoms in optical lattices. These setups allow unprecedented quantum control over large numbers of atoms and thus are very promising for applications in quantum…
Spatially-structured laser beams, eventually carrying orbital angular momentum, affect electronic transitions of atoms and their motional states in a complex way. We present a general framework, based on the spherical tensor decomposition…
Ab initio simulations of a range of interferometric experiments are used to identify a strong dependence on multiphoton phase shifts in above-threshold ionization. A simple rule of thumb for interaction phase shifts is derived to explain…
The dynamics of excitonic energy transfer in molecular complexes triggered by interaction with laser pulses offers a unique window into the underlying physical processes. The absorbed energy moves through the network of interlinked pigments…