Related papers: Representation of Quantum Circuits with Clifford a…
We define a normal form for Clifford circuits, and we prove that every Clifford operator has a unique normal form. Moreover, we present a rewrite system by which any Clifford circuit can be reduced to normal form. This yields a presentation…
In this paper, we study the problem of learning an unknown quantum circuit of a certain structure. If the unknown target is an $n$-qubit Clifford circuit, we devise an efficient algorithm to reconstruct its circuit representation by using…
Simulating physical systems on near-term quantum computers often requires preparing states within constrained subspaces, like those with fixed particle number or spin. We use Lie algebraic techniques to prove that hardware-efficient gates…
Gate-based universal quantum computation is formulated in terms of two types of operations: local single-qubit gates, which are typically easily implementable, and two-qubit entangling gates, whose faithful implementation remains one of the…
A large-scalable quantum computer model, whose qubits are represented by the subspace subtended by the ground state and the single exciton state on semiconductor quantum dots, is proposed. A universal set of quantum gates in this system may…
We provide an analytic way to implement any arbitrary two-qubit unitary operation, given an entangling two-qubit gate together with local gates. This is shown to provide explicit construction of a universal quantum circuit that exactly…
Any unitary transformation of quantum computational networks is explicitly decomposed, in an exact and unified form, into a sequence of a limited number of one-qubit quantum gates and the two-qubit diagonal gates that have diagonal unitary…
Usually models for quantum computations deal with unitary gates on pure states. In this paper we generalize the usual model. We consider a model of quantum computations in which the state is an operator of density matrix and the gates are…
Quantum computing with qudits, quantum systems with $d > 2$ levels, offers a powerful extension beyond qubits, expanding the computational possibilities of quantum systems, allowing the simplification of the implementation of several…
In quantum computation every unitary operation can be decomposed into quantum circuits-a series of single-qubit rotations and a single type entangling two-qubit gates, such as controlled-NOT (CNOT) gates. Two measures are important when…
Probabilistic graphical models such as Bayesian networks are widely used to model stochastic systems to perform various types of analysis such as probabilistic prediction, risk analysis, and system health monitoring, which can become…
This paper describes a novel approach to emulate a universal quantum computer with a wholly classical system, one that uses a signal of bounded duration and amplitude to represent an arbitrary quantum state. The signal may be of any…
This note presents a simple and unified formulation of the most fundamental structures used in quantum information with qubits, arbitrary dimension qudits, and quantum continuous variables. This \emph{general quantum variables} construction…
The Gottesman-Knill theorem says that a stabilizer circuit -- that is, a quantum circuit consisting solely of CNOT, Hadamard, and phase gates -- can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. This paper improves that theorem in…
We introduce the first complete equational theory for quantum circuits. More precisely, we introduce a set of circuit equations that we prove to be sound and complete: two circuits represent the same unitary map if and only if they can be…
To approximate arbitrary unitary transformations on one or more qubits, one must perform transformations which are outside of the Clifford group. The gate most commonly considered for this purpose is the T = diag(1, exp(i \pi/4)) gate. As T…
This work presents an optimization-based scalable quantum neural network framework for approximating $n$-qubit unitaries through generic parametric representation of unitaries, which are obtained as product of exponential of basis elements…
Rig groupoids provide a semantic model of \PiLang, a universal classical reversible programming language over finite types. We prove that extending rig groupoids with just two maps and three equations about them results in a model of…
We present efficient circuits that can be used for the phase space tomography of quantum states. The circuits evaluate individual values or selected averages of the Wigner, Kirkwood and Husimi distributions. These quantum gate arrays can be…
In conventional circuit-based quantum computing architectures, the standard gate set includes arbitrary single-qubit rotations and two-qubit entangling gates. This choice is not always aligned with the native operations available in certain…