Related papers: On a possible quantum contribution to the red shif…
The dark energy that appears to produce the accelerating expansion of the universe can be characterized by an equation of state p=w\rho with w<-1/3. A number of observational tests have been proposed to study the value or redshift…
We investigate the quantum Zeno effect in the case of electron tunneling out of a quantum dot in the presence of continuous monitoring by a detector. It is shown that the Schr\"odinger equation for the whole system can be reduced to…
We review recent progress in attaining a quantitative understanding of the scarring phenomenon, the non-random behavior of quantum wavefunctions near unstable periodic orbits of a classically chaotic system. The wavepacket dynamics…
Whereas the short time behaviour of an unstable quantum mechanical system is well understood from its theoretical as well as experimental side, the long time tail of the very same systems has neither been measured experimentally nor is…
We investigate the quantization of a single unstable mode in a real scalar field subject to a Robin boundary condition in (1+1)-dimensional half-Minkowski spacetime. The instability arises from an imaginary frequency mode - analogous to…
The formalism in order to obtain the Dark Energy equation of state is extended to non-flat universes and we consider the inequalities that must be satisfied by Phantom Dark Energy in this case. We show that due to a non-vanishing spatial…
We study the effects of random fluctuations on quantum phase transitions by the energy gap analysis. For the infinite-ranged spin-glass models with a transverse field, we find that a strong sample-to-sample fluctuation effect leads to broad…
We present a quantum field theoretical derivation of the nondecay probability of an unstable particle with nonzero three-momentum $\mathbf{p}$. To this end, we use the (fully resummed) propagator of the unstable particle, denoted as $S,$ to…
An unstable quantum state generally decays following an exponential law, as environmental decoherence is expected to prevent the decay products from recombining to reconstruct the initial state. Here we show the existence of deviations from…
Quantum field theory (QFT) on non-stationary spacetimes is well understood from the side of the algebra of observables. The state space, however, is largely unexplored, due to the non-existence of distinguished states (vacuum, scattering…
Different quantum Langevin equations obtained by coupling a particle to a field are examined. Instabilities or violations of causality affect the motion of a point charge linearly coupled to the electromagnetic field. In contrast, coupling…
Quantum weak energy inequalities have recently been extensively discussed as a condition on the dynamical stability of quantum field states, particularly on curved spacetimes. We formulate the notion of a quantum weak energy inequality for…
The basic requirement that, in quantum theory, the time-evolution of any state is determined by the action of a unitary operator, is shown to be the underlying cause for certain ``exact'' results which have recently been reported about the…
The large-scale dynamics of the universe is generally described in terms of the time-dependent scale factor $a(t)$. To make contact with observational data, the $a(t)$ function needs to be related to the observable $z(r)$ function, redshift…
The possibility of reconstructing the dark energy equation of state from variations in the fine structure constant is investigated for a class of models where the quintessence field is non-minimally coupled to the electromagnetic field. For…
A simple quantum model explains the Levy-unstable distributions for individual stock returns observed by ref.[1]. The probability density function of the returns is written as the squared modulus of an amplitude. For short time intervals…
The main aim of this work is to use a model-independent approach, along with late-time observational probes, to reconstruct the dark energy (DE) equation of state $w_{\rm DE}(z)$. Our analysis showed that, for a late time universe, $w_{\rm…
The irreversible evolution of a microscopic system under measurement is a central feature of quantum theory. From an initial state generally exhibiting quantum uncertainty in the measured observable, the system is projected into a state in…
We study the decay process of an unstable quantum system, especially the deviation from the exponential decay law. We show that the exponential period no longer exists in the case of the s-wave decay with small $Q$ value, where the $Q$…
We explore the possibility that the dark energy is due to a potential of a scalar field and that the magnitude and the slope of this potential in our part of the universe are largely determined by anthropic selection effects. We find that,…