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Solar flares are known to be prolific electron accelerators, yet identifying the mechanism(s) for such efficient electron acceleration in solar flare (and similar astrophysical settings) presents a major challenge. This is due in part to a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-18 Eduard P. Kontar , A. Gordon Emslie , Galina G. Motorina , Brian R. Dennis

High-energy X-rays and gamma-rays from solar flares were discovered just over fifty years ago. Since that time, the standard for the interpretation of spatially integrated flare X-ray spectra at energies above several tens of keV has been…

Solar flares are powerful particle accelerators, and in the accepted standard flare model most of the flare energy is transported from a coronal energy-release region by accelerated electrons which stop collisionally in the chromosphere,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-18 Paulo J. A. Simões , Lyndsay Fletcher , Hugh S. Hudson , Graham S. Kerr , Matt Penn , Karla F. Lopez

The model of stochastic acceleration of particles by turbulence has been successful in explaining many observed features of solar flares. Here we demonstrate a new method to obtain the accelerated electron spectrum and important…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Vahe Petrosian , Qingrong Chen

We present the statistical analysis of 33 flare-related coronal jets, and discuss the link between the jet and the flare properties in these events. We selected jets that were observed between 2010 and 2016 by the Atmospheric Imaging…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Sophie Musset , Mariana Jeunon , Lindsay Glesener

In the classical flare picture, hard X-ray emission from the chromosphere is succeeded by soft-X-ray emission from hot plasma in the flare loop, the soft X-ray emission being a direct consequence of the impact of the non-thermal particle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 M. Battaglia , L. Fletcher , A. O. Benz

Observations of solar flares with RHESSI have shown X-ray sources traveling along flaring loops, from the corona down to the chromosphere and back up. The 28 November 2002 C1.1 flare, first observed with RHESSI by Sui et al. 2006 and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 Jeffrey W. Reep , Stephen J. Bradshaw , Gordon D. Holman

The transport of the energy contained in electrons, both thermal and suprathermal, in solar flares plays a key role in our understanding of many aspects of the flare phenomenon, from the spatial distribution of hard X-ray emission to global…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-22 Nicolas H. Bian , Eduard P. Kontar , A. Gordon Emslie

Observations relating the characteristics of electrons seen near Earth (SEPs) and those producing flare radiation show that in certain (prompt) events the origin of both population appears to be the flare site, which show strong correlation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 Vahe' Petrosian

High energy electrons carry much of a solar flare's energy. Therefore, understanding changes in electron beam distributions during their propagation is crucial. A key focus of this paper is how the co-spatial return current reduces the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-26 Meriem Alaoui , Gordon D. Holman , Marc Swisdak

Hard x-ray spectral breaks are explained in terms of a 1D model with a co-spatial return current. We study 19 flares observed by RHESSI (Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager) with strong spectral breaks at energies around a few…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-08 Meriem Alaoui , Gordon Holman

Solar flares are efficient particle accelerators with a large fraction of released magnetic energy (10-50%) converted into energetic particles such as hard X-ray producing electrons. This energy transfer process is not well constrained,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-12 Morgan Stores , Natasha L. S. Jeffrey , James A. McLaughlin

RHESSI observations of elementary flare bursts are presented. These solar flare elements are distinct emission peaks of a duration of some tens of seconds present in the hard X-ray light curves. They are characterized by consistent…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo C. Grigis , Arnold O. Benz

Plasma turbulence is thought to be associated with various physical processes involved in solar flares, including magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration and transport. Using Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager ({\it RHESSI})…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 E. P. Kontar , I. G. Hannah , N. H. Bian

There are still debates whether particle acceleration in solar flares may occur due to interruption of electric currents flowing along magnetic loops. To contribute to this problem, we performed the first statistical study of relationships…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-25 I. V. Zimovets , I. N. Sharykin , W. Q. Gan

Based on the drift-kinetic theory, we develop a model for particle acceleration and transport in solar flares. The model describes the evolution of the particle distribution function by means of a numerical simulation of the drift-kinetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 T. Minoshima , S. Masuda , Y. Miyoshi

X-ray and EUV observations are an important diagnostic of various plasma parameters of the solar atmosphere during solar flares. Soft X-ray and EUV observations often show coronal sources near the top of flaring loops, while hard X-ray…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Marina Battaglia , Eduard P. Kontar

We present a multi-wavelength analysis of two flare-related jets on November 13, 2014, using data from SDO/AIA, RHESSI, Hinode/XRT, and IRIS. Unlike most coronal jets where hard X-ray (HXR) emissions are usually observed near the jet base,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-13 Yixian Zhang , Sophie Musset , Lindsay Glesener , Navdeep Panesar , Gregory Fleishman

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the effect of turbulent background density fluctuations on flare-accelerated electron transport in the solar corona. Using the quasi-linear approximation, we numerically simulated the propagation of a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 I. G. Hannah , E. P. Kontar , H. A. S. Reid

Electron acceleration in the solar corona is often associated with flares and the eruption of twisted magnetic structures known as flux ropes. However, the locations and mechanisms of such particle acceleration during the flare and eruption…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Eoin P. Carley , Nicole Vilmer , Peter T. Gallagher