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Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to be powered by the electromagnetic extraction of spin energy from a black hole endowed with a magnetic field supported by electric currents in a surrounding disk (Blandford & Znajek 1977). A generic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-12-16 Antonios Nathanail , Achillies Strantzalis , Ioannis Contopoulos

The prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (hereafter GRBs) probably comes from a highly relativistic wind which converts its kinetic energy into radiation via the formation of shocks within the wind itself. Such "internal shocks" can occur if…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frederic Daigne , Robert Mochkovitch

We explore the influence of the full curvature effect on the flux of early X-ray afterglow of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in cases when the spectrum of the intrinsic emission is a power-law. We find that the well-known $t^{-(2+\beta)}$ curve is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Y. -P. Qin

Using a simple off-axis jet model of GRBs, we can reproduce the observed unusual properties of the prompt emission of GRB980425, such as the extremely low isotropic equivalent gamma-ray energy, the low peak energy, the high fluence ratio,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-16 Ryo Yamazaki , Daisuke Yonetoku , Takashi Nakamura

The X-ray afterglows (AGs) of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and X-Ray Flashes (XRFs) have, after the fast decline phase of their prompt emission, a temporal behaviour varying between two extremes. A large fraction of these AGs has a 'canonical'…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Shlomo Dado , Arnon Dar , A. De Rujula

Our multi-wavelength analysis of GRB 060124 shows the unusual behaviour of the decaying lightcurve as well as supporting the recently proposed phenomenon of long-lasting central engine activity. The prompt X-ray emission displays uncommonly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 P. A. Curran , D. A. Kann , P. Ferrero , E. Rol , R. A. M. J. Wijers

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are emitted by relativistic ejecta from powerful cosmic explosions. Their light curves suggest that the gamma-ray emission occurs at early stages of the ejecta expansion, well before it decelerates in the ambient…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Andrei M. Beloborodov

A newly born millisecond magnetar has been proposed as one possible central engine of some GRBs with X-ray plateau emission. In this work, we systematically analyzed the Swift/XRT data of long GRBs with plateau emission that were detected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-04 Lin Lan , He Gao , Shunke Ai , Wen-Jin Xie , Yong Yuan , Long Li , Li-Ping Xin , Jian-Yan Wei

Multiwavelength light curves in long-term campaigns have shown that, for several blazars, the radio emission occurs with a significant delay w.r.t. to $\gamma$-ray band, with timescales ranging from weeks to years. Such observational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-14 Andrea Tramacere , Vitalii Sliusar , Roland Walter , Jakub Jurysek , Matteo Balbo

Recent observations have challenged the long-held opinion that the duration of gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt emission is determined by the activity epochs of the central engine. Specifically, the observations of GRB 230307A have revealed a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-25 Shu-Xu Yi , Emre Seyit Yorgancioglu , S. -L. Xiong , S. -N. Zhang

A unified explanation of the variety of long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) light curves (LCs) is essential for identifying the dissipation mechanism and possibly the nature of their central engines. In the past, a model was proposed to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-17 Manuele Maistrello , Lisa Ferro , Lorenzo Bazzanini , Romain Maccary , Cristiano Guidorzi

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are one of the most extreme transients in the universe, but their explosion and emission mechanism remains unclear. To investigate the nature of GRB jets, here we focus on X-ray flares (XFs) and extended emissions…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-02 Riki Matsui , Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohta Murase , Bing Theodore Zhang

We show that the excellent optical and gamma-ray data available for GRB 080319B rule out the internal shock model for the prompt emission. The data instead point to a model in which the observed radiation was produced close to the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Pawan Kumar , Ramesh Narayan

The complex structure of the light curves of Swift GRBs has made their interpretation and that of the blast wave caused by the burst, more difficult than in the pre-Swift era. We aim to constrain the blast wave parameters: electron energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-06-25 P. A. Curran , A. J. van der Horst , R. L. C. Starling , R. A. M. J. Wijers

We revisit the radiation mechanism of relativistic electrons in the stochastic magnetic field and apply it to the high-energy emissions of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We confirm that jitter radiation is a possible explanation for GRB prompt…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-03-28 J. Mao , J. Wang

The shock model has successfully explained the observed behaviors of afterglows from long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we use it to investigate the so-called early afterglows from short GRBs, which arises from blast waves that are not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Zhuo Li , Z. G. Dai , T. Lu

Gradual shear acceleration of energetic particles in gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets is considered. Special emphasis is given to the analysis of universal structured jets, and characteristic acceleration timescales are determined for a power-law…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Frank M. Rieger , Peter Duffy

The Einstein Probe (EP) satellite, dedicated at time-domain high-energy astrophysics and multi-messenger astronomy, was recently launched and successfully put into operation. The wide-field X-ray telescope (WXT, 0.5-4 keV) onboard has…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-22 Hao-Xuan Gao , Jin-Jun Geng , Yi-Fang Liang , Hui Sun , Fan Xu , Xue-Feng Wu , Yong-Feng Huang , Zi-Gao Dai , Wei-Min Yuan

We present late-time radio and X-ray observations of the nearby sub-energetic Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB)100316D associated with supernova (SN) 2010bh. Our broad-band analysis constrains the explosion properties of GRB100316D to be intermediate…

Swift captured for the first time a smoothly rising X-ray re-brightening of clear non-flaring origin after the steep decay in a long gamma-ray burst (GRB): GRB081028. A rising phase is likely present in all GRBs but is usually hidden by the…