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We show factorization of polynomials in one variable over the tropical semiring is in general NP-complete, either if all coefficients are finite, or if all are either 0 or infinity (Boolean case). We give algorithms for the factorization…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ki Hang Kim , Fred W. Roush

We show that every tropical totally positive matrix can be uniquely represented as the transfer matrix of a canonical totally connected weighted planar network. We deduce a uniqueness theorem for the factorization of a tropical totally…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Stephane Gaubert , Adi Niv

To each prime ideal in a polynomial ring over a field we associate an algebraic matroid and show that it is preserved under tropicalization. This gives a necessary condition for a tropical variety to be set-theoretically realizable from a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-12 Josephine Yu

We prove for a tropical rational map that if for any point the convex hull of Jacobian matrices at smooth points in a neighborhood of the point does not contain singular matrices then the map is an isomorphism. We also show that a tropical…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-02-22 Dima Grigoriev , Danylo Radchenko

We describe the ideals, especially the prime ideals, of semirings of polynomials over layered domains, and in particular over supertropical domains. Since there are so many of them, special attention is paid to the ideals arising from…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-11-29 Zur Izhakian , Louis Rowen

In this paper we provide an identity between determinant and generalized matrix function. Also, a criterion of positive semi-definite matrices affirming the permanent dominant conjecture is given. As a consequence, infinitely many infinite…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-11-01 Kijti Rodtes

We show that for all k = 1,...,n the absolute value of the product of the k largest eigenvalues of an n-by-n matrix A is bounded from above by the product of the k largest tropical eigenvalues of the matrix |A| (entrywise absolute value),…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-04-07 Marianne Akian , Stéphane Gaubert , Andrea Marchesini

We introduce a scheme-theoretic enrichment of the principal objects of tropical geometry. Using a category of semiring schemes, we construct tropical hypersurfaces as schemes over idempotent semirings such as $\mathbb{T} = (\mathbb{R}\cup…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-02-22 Jeffrey Giansiracusa , Noah Giansiracusa

For a tropical univariate polynomial $f$ we define its tropical Hilbert function as the dimension of a tropical linear prevariety of solutions of the tropical Macauley matrix of the polynomial up to a (growing) degree. We show that the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-06-12 Nikita Elizarov , Dima Grigoriev

Tropical differential equations are introduced and an algorithm is designed which tests solvability of a system of tropical linear differential equations within the complexity polynomial in the size of the system and in its coefficients.…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Dima Grigoriev

Tropical algebra is an emerging field with a number of applications in various areas of mathematics. In many of these applications appeal to tropical polynomials allows to study properties of mathematical objects such as algebraic varieties…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2015-06-05 Dima Grigoriev , Vladimir V. Podolskii

This paper lays out a foundation for a theory of supertropical algebraic geometry, relying on commutative $\nu$-algebra. To this end, the paper introduces $\mathfrak{q}$-congruences, carried over $\nu$-semirings, whose distinguished ghost…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-01-24 Zur Izhakian

Tropical roots of tropical polynomials have been previously studied and used to localize roots of classical polynomials and eigenvalues of matrix polynomials. We extend the theory of tropical roots from tropical polynomials to tropical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Gian Maria Negri Porzio , Vanni Noferini , Leonardo Robol

Tropical geometry is a degeneration of classical geometry which loose the property of unique factorization for polynomials. In this paper we explore a structure that is known to be a semi-degeneration between the classical algebra and the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-01-03 Erez Sheiner

We define a formal framework for the study of algebras of type Max-plus, Min-Plus, tropical algebras, and more generally algebras over a commutative idempotent semi-field. This work is motivated by the increasingly diversified use of these…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2008-07-22 Dominique Castella

We consider arrangements of tropical hyperplanes where the apices of the hyperplanes are taken to infinity in certain directions. Such an arrangement defines a decomposition of Euclidean space where a cell is determined by its `type' data,…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-02-21 Ayah Almousa , Anton Dochtermann , Ben Smith

The growth of tropical geometry has generated significant interest in the tropical semiring in the past decade. However, there are other semirings in tropical algebra that provide more information, such as the symmetrized (max, +),…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Sara Kalisnik Verovsek , Davorin Lesnik

This is part of an ongoing project to find a general algebraic framework for semiring theory. The structure theory of semirings is quite challenging, largely because of the lack of negation, and such basic properties such as unique…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Marianne Akian , Stephane Gaubert , Louis Rowen

Can algebraic geometry enhance the sharpness, robustness, and interpretability of modern neural reasoning models by equipping them with a mathematically grounded inductive bias? To answer this, we introduce Tropical Attention, an attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Baran Hashemi , Kurt Pasque , Chris Teska , Ruriko Yoshida

Tropical mathematics is used to establish a correspondence between certain microscopic and macroscopic objects in statistical models. Tropical algebra gives a common framework for macrosystems (subsets) and their elementary constituents…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-06-01 Mario Angelelli