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Rare events such as conformational changes in biomolecules, phase transitions, and chemical reactions are central to the behavior of many physical systems, yet they are extremely difficult to study computationally because unbiased…
The GOY model is a model for turbulence in which two conserved quantities cascade up and down a linear array of shells. When the viscosity parameter, $\nu$, is small the model has a qualitative behavior which is similar to the Kolmogorov…
Using data obtained in a laboratory thermal convection experiment at high Rayleigh numbers, it is shown that the multiscaling properties of the observed mean wind reversals are quantitatively consistent with analogous multiscaling…
We introduce a stochastic sandpile model where finite drive and dissipation are coupled to the activity field. The absorbing phase transition here, as expected, belongs to the directed percolation (DP) universality class. We focus on the…
Symmetry often governs condensed matter physics. The act of breaking symmetry spontaneously leads to phase transitions, and various observables or observable physical phenomena can be directly associated with broken symmetries. Examples…
The dynamics of the avalanche width in the evolution model is described using a random walk picture. In this approach the critical exponents for avalanche distribution, $\tau$, and avalanche average time, $\gamma$, are found to be the same…
Moving animal groups transmit information through propagating waves or behavioral cascades, exhibiting characteristics akin to systems near a critical point from statistical physics. Using data from freely swimming schooling fish in an…
The paper addresses a continuous-time continuous-space chance-constrained stochastic optimal control (SOC) problem where the probability of failure to satisfy given state constraints is explicitly bounded. We leverage the notion of exit…
To describe the small-scale intermittency of turbulence, a self-similarity is assumed for the probability density function of a logarithm of the rate of energy dissipation smoothed over a length scale among those in the inertial range. The…
In control theory, typically a nominal model is assumed based on which an optimal control is designed and then applied to an actual (true) system. This gives rise to the problem of performance loss due to the mismatch between the true model…
Dynamical processes exhibiting absorbing states are essential in the modeling of a large variety of situations from material science to epidemiology and social sciences. Such processes exhibit the possibility of avalanching behavior upon…
A simple model economy with locally interacting producers and consumers is introduced. When driven by extremal dynamics, the model self-organizes {\em not} to an attractor state, but to an asymptote, on which the economy has a constant rate…
The spontaneous emergence of scale invariance, called self-organized criticality (SOC), is often attributed to a second-order absorbing-state phase transition (ASPT). Many real-world systems display SOC, yet extreme events are often…
We consider two cases of interaction between a planar shock and a cylindrical density interface. In the first case (planar normal shock), the axis of the gas cylinder is parallel to the shock front, and baroclinic vorticity deposited by the…
The observation of apparent power-laws in neuronal systems has led to the suggestion that the brain is at, or close to, a critical state and may be a self-organised critical system. Within the framework of self-organised criticality a…
The character of the time-asymptotic evolution of physical systems can have complex, singular behavior with variation of a system parameter, particularly when chaos is involved. A perturbation of the parameter by a small amount $\epsilon$…
Two cellular automata models with directed mass flow and internal time scales are studied by numerical simulations. Relaxation rules are a combination of probabilistic critical height (probability of toppling $p$) and deterministic critical…
An avalanche or cascade occurs when one event causes one or more subsequent events, which in turn may cause further events in a chain reaction. Avalanching dynamics are studied in many disciplines, with a recent focus on average avalanche…
In this paper we study a simple model of a purely excitatory neural network that, by construction, operates at a critical point. This model allows us to consider various markers of criticality and illustrate how they should perform in a…
In real-world applications, observations are often constrained to a small fraction of a system. Such spatial subsampling can be caused by the inaccessibility or the sheer size of the system, and cannot be overcome by longer sampling.…