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We have studied the impact of low-frequency magnetic flux noise upon superconducting transmon qubits with various levels of tunability. We find that qubits with weaker tunability exhibit dephasing that is less sensitive to flux noise. This…

High-fidelity multi-qubit gates are a critical resource for near-term quantum computing, as they underpin the execution of both quantum algorithms and fault-tolerant protocols. The Toffoli gate (CCNOT), in particular, plays a central role…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 M. AbuGhanem

Variational quantum algorithms have emerged as a cornerstone of contemporary quantum algorithms research. Practical implementations of these algorithms, despite offering certain levels of robustness against systematic errors, show a decline…

Fault-tolerant quantum computation is a technique that is necessary to build a scalable quantum computer from noisy physical building blocks. Key for the implementation of fault-tolerant computations is the ability to perform a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Markus Grassl , Martin Roetteler

Scaling up quantum computing hardware is hindered by the narrow operating margins of current quantum components. Here, we introduce a composite qubit and gate scheme that achieves wide margins by use of transistor-like nonlinearities to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-23 Ryan J. Epstein

Contemporary methods for benchmarking noisy quantum processors typically measure average error rates or process infidelities. However, thresholds for fault-tolerant quantum error correction are given in terms of worst-case error rates --…

Non-Markovian $1/f$ noise consists a dominant source of decoherence in superconducting qubits, yet its slow nature poses a significant challenge for accurate simulation. Here we develop a hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) framework…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Yinjia Chen , Shuocang Zhang , Qiang Shi

High-fidelity single- and two-qubit gates are essential building blocks for a fault-tolerant quantum computer. While there has been much progress in suppressing single-qubit gate errors in superconducting qubit systems, two-qubit gates…

The first generation of multi-qubit quantum technologies will consist of noisy, intermediate-scale devices for which active error correction remains out of reach. To exploit such devices, it is thus imperative to use passive error…

The Toffoli gate is an important universal quantum gate, and will alongside the Clifford gates be available in future fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware. Many quantum algorithms rely on performing arbitrarily small single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Christoffer Hindlycke , Jakov Krnic , Jan-Åke Larsson

In the model of gate-based quantum computation, the qubits are controlled by a sequence of quantum gates. In superconducting qubit systems, these gates can be implemented by voltage pulses. The success of implementing a particular gate can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-04 D. Willsch , M. Nocon , F. Jin , H. De Raedt , K. Michielsen

Quantum computation, a completely different paradigm of computing, benefits from theoretically proven speed-ups for certain problems and opens up the possibility of exactly studying the properties of quantum systems. Yet, because of the…

We model repetitive quantum error correction (QEC) with the single-error-correcting five-qubit code on a network of individually-controlled qubits with always-on Ising couplings, using our previously designed universal set of quantum gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Amrit De , Leonid P. Pryadko

Computing circuits composed of noisy logical gates and their ability to represent arbitrary Boolean functions with a given level of error are investigated within a statistical mechanics setting. Bounds on their performance, derived in the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2015-05-14 Alexander Mozeika , David Saad , Jack Raymond

Quantum error correction is vital for implementing universal quantum computing. A key component is the encoding circuit that maps a product state of physical qubits into the encoded multipartite entangled logical state. Known methods are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Xiaosi Xu , Simon C. Benjamin , Xiao Yuan

The fidelity of certain gates on noisy quantum computers may be improved when they are implemented using more than two levels of the involved transmons. The main impediments to achieving this potential are the dynamic gate phase errors that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-30 Yutaro Iiyama , Wonho Jang , Naoki Kanazawa , Ryu Sawada , Tamiya Onodera , Koji Terashi

Quantum computing with qudits is an emerging approach that exploits a larger, more-connected computational space, providing advantages for many applications, including quantum simulation and quantum error correction. Nonetheless, qudits are…

Pre-fault tolerant quantum computers have already demonstrated the ability to estimate observable values accurately, at a scale beyond brute-force classical computation. This has been enabled by error mitigation techniques that often rely…

Quantum computing has garnered attention for its potential to solve complex computational problems with considerable speedup. Despite notable advancements in the field, achieving meaningful scalability and noise control in quantum hardware…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Eduardo Willwock Lussi , Rafael de Santiago , Eduardo Inacio Duzzioni

Quantum annealing is a method to solve optimization problems that leverages quantum tunneling in a coupled qubit system. We present a detailed study of the coherence of a tunable capacitively-shunted flux qubit, designed for coherent…

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